@article{6587cd1ba8504fb8936de80f09e7625f,
title = "A Chest-Laminated Ultrathin and Stretchable E-Tattoo for the Measurement of Electrocardiogram, Seismocardiogram, and Cardiac Time Intervals",
abstract = "Seismocardiography (SCG) is a measure of chest vibration associated with heartbeats. While skin soft electronic tattoos (e-tattoos) have been widely reported for electrocardiogram (ECG) sensing, wearable SCG sensors are still based on either rigid accelerometers or non-stretchable piezoelectric membranes. This work reports an ultrathin and stretchable SCG sensing e-tattoo based on the filamentary serpentine mesh of 28-µm-thick piezoelectric polymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). 3D digital image correlation (DIC) is used to map chest vibration to identify the best location to mount the e-tattoo and to investigate the effects of substrate stiffness. As piezoelectric sensors easily suffer from motion artifacts, motion artifacts are effectively reduced by performing subtraction between a pair of identical SCG tattoos placed adjacent to each other. Integrating the soft SCG sensor with a pair of soft gold electrodes on a single e-tattoo platform forms a soft electro-mechano-acoustic cardiovascular (EMAC) sensing tattoo, which can perform synchronous ECG and SCG measurements and extract various cardiac time intervals including systolic time interval (STI). Using the EMAC tattoo, strong correlations between STI and the systolic/diastolic blood pressures, are found, which may provide a simple way to estimate blood pressure continuously and noninvasively using one chest-mounted e-tattoo.",
keywords = "blood pressure, cardiac time intervals, digital image correlation, e-tattoos, epidermal electronics",
author = "Taewoo Ha and Jason Tran and Siyi Liu and Hongwoo Jang and Hyoyoung Jeong and Ruchika Mitbander and Heeyong Huh and Yitao Qiu and Jason Duong and Wang, {Rebecca L.} and Pulin Wang and Animesh Tandon and Jayant Sirohi and Nanshu Lu",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Young Investigator Program (YIP) of Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grant No. N00014-16-1-2044, the YIP of Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-15-1-0112, the National Science Foundation Grant CNS-1738293, and the Dell Medical School's Texas Health Catalyst Program. Dr. Tandon acknowledges the Thrasher Research Fund Early Career Award; the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number UL1TR001105; the UT Southwestern Cary Council/DocStars Award, the Pogue Family Distinguished Chair in Pediatric Cardiology via Dr. Gerald Greil, and the Pogue Family Foundation Master Clinician in Pediatric Cardiology via Dr. Thomas Zellers. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any of the funding agencies. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Young Investigator Program (YIP) of Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grant No. N00014-16-1-2044, the YIP of Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-15-1-0112, the National Science Foundation Grant CNS-1738293, and the Dell Medical School{\textquoteright}s Texas Health Catalyst Program. Dr. Tandon acknowledges the Thrasher Research Fund Early Career Award; the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number UL1TR001105; the UT Southwestern Cary Council/DocStars Award, the Pogue Family Distinguished Chair in Pediatric Cardiology via Dr. Gerald Greil, and the Pogue Family Foundation Master Clinician in Pediatric Cardiology via Dr. Thomas Zellers. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any of the funding agencies. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",
year = "2019",
month = jul,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1002/advs.201900290",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
journal = "Advanced Science",
issn = "2198-3844",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "14",
}