@article{8fb54dd9e3f847b88b8c55a92c1c5723,
title = "A direct repeat in the cellular retinol-binding protein type II gene confers differential regulation by RXR and RAR",
abstract = "The vitamin A derivative retinoic acid exerts its effects on transcription through two distinct classes of nuclear receptors, the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). We provide evidence that expression of the gene for cellular retinol-binding protein type II (CRBPII), a key protein in the intestinal absorption of vitamin A, is dramatically up-regulated by retinoic acid in the presence of RXR but not RAR. This regulation is conferred through a specific cis element in the CRBPII promoter that contains five nearly perfect tandem repeats of the sequence AGGTCA spaced by a single nucleotide. The discovery of this new RX response element provides a means for distinguishing between the two retinoid receptor systems and suggests that an RXR-mediated pathway exists for modulating vitamin A metabolism.",
author = "Mangelsdorf, {David J.} and Kazuhiko Umesono and Kliewer, {Steven A.} and Uwe Borgmeyer and Ong, {Estelita S.} and Evans, {Ronald M.}",
note = "Funding Information: D. J. M. and K. U. should be considered as equal first authors. We thank Dr. Jeffrey Gordon for kindly supplying us with rat CRBPII gene DNA. We thank Ester Banayo and Dr. Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer for expert technical assistance, Dr. Henry Sucov for providing pRAR8-CAT, Drs. Richard Heyman and Roland Schtile for providing the RXR and RAR bacterial expression vectors, and Elaine Stevens for manuscript preparation. D. J. M. and K. U. are Research Associates and R. M. E. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical institute at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. S. A. K. is a Fellow of the Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund for Medical Research. U. B. is an HFSPO Postdoctoral Fellow. This work was supported by the HHMI, the National Institutes of Health, the National Cancer Institute, and the Math-ers Foundation.",
year = "1991",
month = aug,
day = "9",
doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(81)90018-0",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "66",
pages = "555--561",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "3",
}