Abstract
Background: Research suggests that mentholated cigarettes may play a role in cocaine dependence. The purpose of the present study was to expand upon the research on mentholated cigarettes and cocaine dependence and to evaluate the role of mentholated cigarettes in methamphetamine dependence. Methods: Secondary analysis of a multisite, randomized trial evaluating the impact of smoking-cessation treatment in stimulant-dependent outpatients (N= 538). Participants' reasons for concurrent use of cigarettes and illicit stimulants were assessed via self-report. Stimulant-abstinence was measured by self-report and urine drug screens. Smoking cessation was assessed via self-report and carbon monoxide levels. Results: Of the 301 cocaine-dependent participants, 201 (67%) were menthol and 100 (33%) were non-menthol cigarette smokers. Cocaine-dependent participants who smoked menthol, compared to non-menthol, cigarettes were significantly more likely to report that cigarettes prolong their cocaine high (X2(1)=16.3, p<.0001, OR=3.58 [95% CI: 1.88-6.79]) and were less likely to be stimulant abstinent during active treatment (W=3.6, p<0.001, d=39 [95% CI: 0.16-0.62]), at 3-month follow-up (X2(1)=14.4, p<0.001, OR=32 [95% CI: 0.17-0.58]), and at 6-month follow-up (X2(1)=4.6, p=0.03, OR=53 [95% CI: 0.29-0.95]). No parallel differences were found between menthol and non-menthol methamphetamine-dependent smokers. The prevalence of Caucasian menthol smokers was significantly greater in the cocaine-dependent participants (37.2%) than in the methamphetamine-dependent participants (17.61%), (X2(1)=14.4, p<.001, OR=2.77 [95% CI:1.62-4.73]). Smoking cessation was not significantly associated with cigarette type for either cocaine- or methamphetamine-dependent participants. Conclusions: The present results suggest that mentholated cigarettes play a role in cocaine, but not methamphetamine, dependence.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 845-851 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Drug and Alcohol Dependence |
| Volume | 133 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 15 2013 |
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Keywords
- Cigarettes
- Cocaine dependence
- Menthol
- Methamphetamine dependence
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
- Pharmacology (medical)
Cite this
A tale of two stimulants : Mentholated cigarettes may play a role in cocaine, but not methamphetamine, dependence. / Winhusen, Theresa M.; Adinoff, Bryon; Lewis, Daniel F.; Brigham, Gregory S.; Gardin, John G.; Sonne, Susan C.; Theobald, Jeff; Ghitza, Udi.
In: Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 133, No. 3, 15.12.2013, p. 845-851.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A tale of two stimulants
T2 - Mentholated cigarettes may play a role in cocaine, but not methamphetamine, dependence
AU - Winhusen, Theresa M.
AU - Adinoff, Bryon
AU - Lewis, Daniel F.
AU - Brigham, Gregory S.
AU - Gardin, John G.
AU - Sonne, Susan C.
AU - Theobald, Jeff
AU - Ghitza, Udi
PY - 2013/12/15
Y1 - 2013/12/15
N2 - Background: Research suggests that mentholated cigarettes may play a role in cocaine dependence. The purpose of the present study was to expand upon the research on mentholated cigarettes and cocaine dependence and to evaluate the role of mentholated cigarettes in methamphetamine dependence. Methods: Secondary analysis of a multisite, randomized trial evaluating the impact of smoking-cessation treatment in stimulant-dependent outpatients (N= 538). Participants' reasons for concurrent use of cigarettes and illicit stimulants were assessed via self-report. Stimulant-abstinence was measured by self-report and urine drug screens. Smoking cessation was assessed via self-report and carbon monoxide levels. Results: Of the 301 cocaine-dependent participants, 201 (67%) were menthol and 100 (33%) were non-menthol cigarette smokers. Cocaine-dependent participants who smoked menthol, compared to non-menthol, cigarettes were significantly more likely to report that cigarettes prolong their cocaine high (X2(1)=16.3, p<.0001, OR=3.58 [95% CI: 1.88-6.79]) and were less likely to be stimulant abstinent during active treatment (W=3.6, p<0.001, d=39 [95% CI: 0.16-0.62]), at 3-month follow-up (X2(1)=14.4, p<0.001, OR=32 [95% CI: 0.17-0.58]), and at 6-month follow-up (X2(1)=4.6, p=0.03, OR=53 [95% CI: 0.29-0.95]). No parallel differences were found between menthol and non-menthol methamphetamine-dependent smokers. The prevalence of Caucasian menthol smokers was significantly greater in the cocaine-dependent participants (37.2%) than in the methamphetamine-dependent participants (17.61%), (X2(1)=14.4, p<.001, OR=2.77 [95% CI:1.62-4.73]). Smoking cessation was not significantly associated with cigarette type for either cocaine- or methamphetamine-dependent participants. Conclusions: The present results suggest that mentholated cigarettes play a role in cocaine, but not methamphetamine, dependence.
AB - Background: Research suggests that mentholated cigarettes may play a role in cocaine dependence. The purpose of the present study was to expand upon the research on mentholated cigarettes and cocaine dependence and to evaluate the role of mentholated cigarettes in methamphetamine dependence. Methods: Secondary analysis of a multisite, randomized trial evaluating the impact of smoking-cessation treatment in stimulant-dependent outpatients (N= 538). Participants' reasons for concurrent use of cigarettes and illicit stimulants were assessed via self-report. Stimulant-abstinence was measured by self-report and urine drug screens. Smoking cessation was assessed via self-report and carbon monoxide levels. Results: Of the 301 cocaine-dependent participants, 201 (67%) were menthol and 100 (33%) were non-menthol cigarette smokers. Cocaine-dependent participants who smoked menthol, compared to non-menthol, cigarettes were significantly more likely to report that cigarettes prolong their cocaine high (X2(1)=16.3, p<.0001, OR=3.58 [95% CI: 1.88-6.79]) and were less likely to be stimulant abstinent during active treatment (W=3.6, p<0.001, d=39 [95% CI: 0.16-0.62]), at 3-month follow-up (X2(1)=14.4, p<0.001, OR=32 [95% CI: 0.17-0.58]), and at 6-month follow-up (X2(1)=4.6, p=0.03, OR=53 [95% CI: 0.29-0.95]). No parallel differences were found between menthol and non-menthol methamphetamine-dependent smokers. The prevalence of Caucasian menthol smokers was significantly greater in the cocaine-dependent participants (37.2%) than in the methamphetamine-dependent participants (17.61%), (X2(1)=14.4, p<.001, OR=2.77 [95% CI:1.62-4.73]). Smoking cessation was not significantly associated with cigarette type for either cocaine- or methamphetamine-dependent participants. Conclusions: The present results suggest that mentholated cigarettes play a role in cocaine, but not methamphetamine, dependence.
KW - Cigarettes
KW - Cocaine dependence
KW - Menthol
KW - Methamphetamine dependence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84888431374&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84888431374&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.002
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.002
M3 - Article
VL - 133
SP - 845
EP - 851
JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
SN - 0376-8716
IS - 3
ER -