An update on the clinical pharmacology of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor alogliptin used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Xiao Wu Chen, Zhi Xu He, Zhi Wei Zhou, Tianxin Yang, Xueji Zhang, Yin Xue Yang, Wei Duan, Shu Feng Zhou

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that is a class of relatively new oral hypoglycaemic drugs used in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other anti-diabetic agents, including metformin, pioglitazone, sulfonylureas and insulin with a considerable therapeutic effect. Alogliptin exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in humans. Alogliptin is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP2D6) and CYP3A4. Dose reduction is recommended for patients with moderate or worse renal impairment. Side effects of alogliptin include nasopharyngitis, upper-respiratory tract infections and headache. Hypoglycaemia is seen in about 1.5% of the T2DM patients. Rare but severe adverse reactions such as acute pancreatitis, serious hypersensitivity including anaphylaxis, angioedema and severe cutaneous reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome have been reported from post-marketing monitoring. Pharmacokinetic interactions have not been observed between alogliptin and other drugs including glyburide, metformin, pioglitazone, insulin and warfarin. The present review aimed to update the clinical information on pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects and drug interactions, and to discuss the future directions of alogliptin.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1225-1238
Number of pages14
JournalClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology
Volume42
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2015
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Adverse effect
  • Alogliptin
  • Combination therapy
  • DPP-4 inhibitor
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Type 2 diabetes (T2DM)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology (medical)

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