TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of substance use and its outcomes by machine learning I. Childhood evaluation of liability to substance use disorder
AU - Jing, Yankang
AU - Hu, Ziheng
AU - Fan, Peihao
AU - Xue, Ying
AU - Wang, Lirong
AU - Tarter, Ralph E.
AU - Kirisci, Levent
AU - Wang, Junmei
AU - Vanyukov, Michael
AU - Xie, Xiang Qun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) exacts enormous societal costs in the United States, and it is important to detect high-risk youths for prevention. Machine learning (ML) is the method to find patterns and make prediction from data. We hypothesized that ML identifies the health, psychological, psychiatric, and contextual features to predict SUD, and the identified features predict high-risk individuals to develop SUD. Method: Male (N = 494) and female (N = 206) participants and their informant parents were administered a battery of questionnaires across five waves of assessment conducted at 10–12, 12–14, 16, 19, and 22 years of age. Characteristics most strongly associated with SUD were identified using the random forest (RF)algorithm from approximately 1000 variables measured at each assessment. Next, the complement of features was validated, and the best models were selected for predicting SUD using seven ML algorithms. Lastly, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) evaluated accuracy of detecting individuals who develop SUD+/- up to thirty years of age. Results: Approximately thirty variables strongly predict SUD. The predictors shift from psychological dysregulation and poor health behavior in late childhood to non-normative socialization in mid to late adolescence. In 10–12-year-old youths, the features predict SUD+/- with 74% accuracy, increasing to 86% at 22 years of age. The RF algorithm optimally detects individuals between 10–22 years of age who develop SUD compared to other ML algorithms. Conclusion: These findings inform the items required for inclusion in instruments to accurately identify high risk youths and young adults requiring SUD prevention.
AB - Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) exacts enormous societal costs in the United States, and it is important to detect high-risk youths for prevention. Machine learning (ML) is the method to find patterns and make prediction from data. We hypothesized that ML identifies the health, psychological, psychiatric, and contextual features to predict SUD, and the identified features predict high-risk individuals to develop SUD. Method: Male (N = 494) and female (N = 206) participants and their informant parents were administered a battery of questionnaires across five waves of assessment conducted at 10–12, 12–14, 16, 19, and 22 years of age. Characteristics most strongly associated with SUD were identified using the random forest (RF)algorithm from approximately 1000 variables measured at each assessment. Next, the complement of features was validated, and the best models were selected for predicting SUD using seven ML algorithms. Lastly, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) evaluated accuracy of detecting individuals who develop SUD+/- up to thirty years of age. Results: Approximately thirty variables strongly predict SUD. The predictors shift from psychological dysregulation and poor health behavior in late childhood to non-normative socialization in mid to late adolescence. In 10–12-year-old youths, the features predict SUD+/- with 74% accuracy, increasing to 86% at 22 years of age. The RF algorithm optimally detects individuals between 10–22 years of age who develop SUD compared to other ML algorithms. Conclusion: These findings inform the items required for inclusion in instruments to accurately identify high risk youths and young adults requiring SUD prevention.
KW - Big data
KW - Machine learning
KW - Screening addiction risk
KW - Substance abuse prevention
KW - Substance use disorder
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107605
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107605
M3 - Article
C2 - 31839402
AN - SCOPUS:85073252389
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 206
JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
M1 - 107605
ER -