TY - JOUR
T1 - Anticoagulation in new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation
T2 - An analysis from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database
AU - Riad, Fady S.
AU - Grau-Sepulveda, Maria
AU - Jawitz, Oliver K.
AU - Vekstein, Andrew M.
AU - Sundaram, Varun
AU - Sahadevan, Jayakumar
AU - Habib, Robert H.
AU - Jacobs, Jeffrey P.
AU - O'Brien, Sean
AU - Thourani, Vinod H.
AU - Vemulapalli, Sreekanth
AU - Xian, Ying
AU - Waldo, Albert L.
AU - Sabik, Joseph
N1 - Funding Information:
Data and statistical analysis for this research were provided through a grant by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons’ National Database Access and Publications Research Program, Chicago, Illinois, and performed at the Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina. The authors report the following industry relationships: Sundaram – Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Jacobs – SpecialtyCare; Thourani – Abbott Vascular, Atricure, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, Gore Vascular, JenaValve, Shockwave; Vemulapalli – Abbott, ACP, Boston Scientific, HeartFlow, Janssen; Waldo – Biosense Webster, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cardiac Insight, Pfizer; Sabik – Abbott, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic; All others – none. All authors attest they meet the current ICMJE criteria for authorship. Informed consent was waived based on the de-identified retrospective nature of this study. The research reported in this study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Duke Clinical Research Institute, the data warehouse of the STS database, has received Institutional Review Board approval from Duke University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Heart Rhythm Society
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Background: New-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased long-term stroke and mortality. Anticoagulation has been suggested as a potential therapy, but data on safety and efficacy are scant. Objectives: To determine the association between anticoagulation for POAF and long-term outcomes. Methods: Adult patients with POAF after isolated coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) were identified through the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database and linked to the Medicare Database. Propensity-matched analyses were performed for all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding for patients discharged with or without anticoagulation. Interaction between anticoagulation and CHA2DS2-VASc score was also assessed. Results: Of 38,936 patients, 9861 (25%) were discharged on oral anticoagulation. After propensity score matching, discharge anticoagulation was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.26). There was no difference in ischemic stroke between groups (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.82–1.15), but there was significantly higher bleeding (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.38–1.85) among those discharged on anticoagulation. Myocardial infarction was lower in the first 30 days for those discharged on anticoagulation, but this effect decreased over time. The incidence of all complications was higher for patients with CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥5 compared to patients with scores of 2–4. Anticoagulation did not appear to benefit either subgroup. Conclusion: Anticoagulation is associated with increased mortality after new-onset POAF following CABG. There was no reduction in ischemic stroke among those discharged on anticoagulation regardless of CHA2DS2-VASc score.
AB - Background: New-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased long-term stroke and mortality. Anticoagulation has been suggested as a potential therapy, but data on safety and efficacy are scant. Objectives: To determine the association between anticoagulation for POAF and long-term outcomes. Methods: Adult patients with POAF after isolated coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) were identified through the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database and linked to the Medicare Database. Propensity-matched analyses were performed for all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding for patients discharged with or without anticoagulation. Interaction between anticoagulation and CHA2DS2-VASc score was also assessed. Results: Of 38,936 patients, 9861 (25%) were discharged on oral anticoagulation. After propensity score matching, discharge anticoagulation was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.26). There was no difference in ischemic stroke between groups (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.82–1.15), but there was significantly higher bleeding (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.38–1.85) among those discharged on anticoagulation. Myocardial infarction was lower in the first 30 days for those discharged on anticoagulation, but this effect decreased over time. The incidence of all complications was higher for patients with CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥5 compared to patients with scores of 2–4. Anticoagulation did not appear to benefit either subgroup. Conclusion: Anticoagulation is associated with increased mortality after new-onset POAF following CABG. There was no reduction in ischemic stroke among those discharged on anticoagulation regardless of CHA2DS2-VASc score.
KW - Anticoagulation
KW - Arrhythmia
KW - Cardiac surgery
KW - Coronary artery bypass surgery
KW - Postoperative atrial fibrillation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.hroo.2022.06.003
DO - 10.1016/j.hroo.2022.06.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 36097451
AN - SCOPUS:85134816622
SN - 2666-5018
VL - 3
SP - 325
EP - 332
JO - Heart Rhythm O2
JF - Heart Rhythm O2
IS - 4
ER -