TY - JOUR
T1 - Assembly of Mitotic Structures through Phase Separation
AU - Woodruff, Jeffrey B.
N1 - Funding Information:
J.B.W. is supported by a Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) grant ( RR170063 ) and the Endowed Scholars program at UT Southwestern (E.E. and Greer Garson Fogelson Scholar in Medical Research).
Funding Information:
J.B.W. is supported by a Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) grant (RR170063) and the Endowed Scholars program at UT Southwestern (E.E. and Greer Garson Fogelson Scholar in Medical Research).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2018/11/2
Y1 - 2018/11/2
N2 - Cells compartmentalize biochemical reactions using organelles, which can be membrane enclosed or built entirely of proteins and ribonucleic acids. Recent studies indicate that many organelles that lack membranes have liquid-like properties, including the ability to flow, fuse, and undergo rapid internal rearrangement. The assembly of these “biomolecular condensates” has been described as liquid–liquid phase separation, whereby their constituent components demix from the cytoplasm, similar to water separating from oil. Other studies suggest that protein phase separation followed by maturation, where intramolecular connections strengthen over time, can lead to gel- or glass-like states. This review discusses how the principles of phase separation might help to understand the assembly and behavior of organelles that operate in mitosis, when the cell assembles the mitotic spindle to segregate chromosomes. Special attention is given to the mitotic pericentriolar material of centrosomes and the spindle matrix.
AB - Cells compartmentalize biochemical reactions using organelles, which can be membrane enclosed or built entirely of proteins and ribonucleic acids. Recent studies indicate that many organelles that lack membranes have liquid-like properties, including the ability to flow, fuse, and undergo rapid internal rearrangement. The assembly of these “biomolecular condensates” has been described as liquid–liquid phase separation, whereby their constituent components demix from the cytoplasm, similar to water separating from oil. Other studies suggest that protein phase separation followed by maturation, where intramolecular connections strengthen over time, can lead to gel- or glass-like states. This review discusses how the principles of phase separation might help to understand the assembly and behavior of organelles that operate in mitosis, when the cell assembles the mitotic spindle to segregate chromosomes. Special attention is given to the mitotic pericentriolar material of centrosomes and the spindle matrix.
KW - centrosomes
KW - gelation
KW - mitosis
KW - phase separation
KW - spindle matrix
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047426775&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85047426775&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.041
DO - 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.041
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29751016
AN - SCOPUS:85047426775
SN - 0022-2836
VL - 430
SP - 4762
EP - 4772
JO - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF - Journal of Molecular Biology
IS - 23
ER -