TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between adolescent cannabis use and brain structure in psychosis
AU - Abush, Hila
AU - Ghose, Subroto
AU - Van Enkevort, Erin A.
AU - Clementz, Brett A.
AU - Pearlson, Godfrey D.
AU - Sweeney, John A.
AU - Keshavan, Matcheri S.
AU - Tamminga, Carol A.
AU - Ivleva, Elena I.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2018/6/30
Y1 - 2018/6/30
N2 - Associations between cannabis use and psychotic disorders suggest that cannabis may be a contributory risk factor in the neurobiology of psychosis. In this study, we examined brain structure characteristics, total and regional gray matter density (GMD), using Voxel Based Morphometry, in psychotic individuals, stratified by history of cannabis use (total n = 109). We also contrasted GMD estimates in individual diagnostic groups (schizophrenia/bipolar I disorder) with and without history of adolescent cannabis use (ACU). Individuals with psychosis as a whole, both with and without history of ACU, had lower total and regional GMD, compared to healthy controls. ACU was associated with attenuated GMD reductions, compared to non-users, especially in the schizophrenia cases, who showed robust GMD reductions in fronto-temporal and parietal cortex, as well as subcortical regions. Notably, total and regional GMD estimates in individuals with psychosis and ACU were not different from controls with no ACU. These data indicate that the history of ACU in psychotic individuals is associated with attenuated GMD abnormalities. Future investigations targeting potential unique etiological and risk factors associated with psychosis in individuals with ACU may help in understanding of the neurobiology of psychotic disorders and novel treatment options for these individuals.
AB - Associations between cannabis use and psychotic disorders suggest that cannabis may be a contributory risk factor in the neurobiology of psychosis. In this study, we examined brain structure characteristics, total and regional gray matter density (GMD), using Voxel Based Morphometry, in psychotic individuals, stratified by history of cannabis use (total n = 109). We also contrasted GMD estimates in individual diagnostic groups (schizophrenia/bipolar I disorder) with and without history of adolescent cannabis use (ACU). Individuals with psychosis as a whole, both with and without history of ACU, had lower total and regional GMD, compared to healthy controls. ACU was associated with attenuated GMD reductions, compared to non-users, especially in the schizophrenia cases, who showed robust GMD reductions in fronto-temporal and parietal cortex, as well as subcortical regions. Notably, total and regional GMD estimates in individuals with psychosis and ACU were not different from controls with no ACU. These data indicate that the history of ACU in psychotic individuals is associated with attenuated GMD abnormalities. Future investigations targeting potential unique etiological and risk factors associated with psychosis in individuals with ACU may help in understanding of the neurobiology of psychotic disorders and novel treatment options for these individuals.
KW - Cannabis
KW - Gray matter density
KW - Psychotic bipolar disorder
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Voxel Based Morphometry
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.03.008
DO - 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.03.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 29628270
AN - SCOPUS:85046836946
SN - 0925-4927
VL - 276
SP - 53
EP - 64
JO - Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging
JF - Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging
ER -