TY - JOUR
T1 - Binding site on macrophages that mediates uptake and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein, producing massive cholesterol deposition
AU - Goldstein, J. L.
AU - Ho, Y. K.
AU - Basu, S. K.
AU - Brown, M. S.
PY - 1979
Y1 - 1979
N2 - Resident mouse peritoneal macrophages were shown to take up and degrade acetylated 125I-labeled low density lipoprotein (125I-acetyl-LDL) in vitro at rates that were 20-fold greater than those for the uptake and degradation of 125I-LDL. The uptake of 125I-acetyl-LDL and its subsequent degradation in lysosomes were attributable to a high-affinity, trypsin-sensitive, surface binding site that recognized acetyl-LDL but not native LDL. When 125I-acetyl-LDL was bound to this site at 4°C and the macrophages were subsequently warmed to 37°C, 75% of the cell-bound radioactivity was degraded to mono[125I]iodotyrosine within 1 hr. The macrophage binding site also recognized maleylated LDL, maleylated albumin, and two sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidin and dextran sulfate) indicating that negative charges were important in the binding reaction. A similar binding site was present on rat peritoneal macrophages, guinea pig Kupffer cells, and cultured human mococytes but not on human lymphocytes or fibroblasts, mouse L cells or Y-1 adrenal cells, or Chinese hamster ovary cells. Uptake and degradation of acetyl-LDL via this binding site stimulated cholesterol esterification 100-fold and produced a 38-fold increase in the cellular content of cholesterol in mouse peritoneal macrophages. although the physiologic significance, if any, of this macrophage uptake mechanism is not yet known, we hypothesize that it may mediate the degradation of denatured LDL in the body and thus serve as a 'backup' mechanism for the previously described receptor-mediated degradation of native LDL that occurs in parenchymal cells. Such a scavenger pathway might account for the widespread deposition of LDL-derived cholesteryl esters in macrophages of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in whom the parenchymal cell pathway for LDL degradation is blocked, owing to a genetic deficiency of receptors for native LDL.
AB - Resident mouse peritoneal macrophages were shown to take up and degrade acetylated 125I-labeled low density lipoprotein (125I-acetyl-LDL) in vitro at rates that were 20-fold greater than those for the uptake and degradation of 125I-LDL. The uptake of 125I-acetyl-LDL and its subsequent degradation in lysosomes were attributable to a high-affinity, trypsin-sensitive, surface binding site that recognized acetyl-LDL but not native LDL. When 125I-acetyl-LDL was bound to this site at 4°C and the macrophages were subsequently warmed to 37°C, 75% of the cell-bound radioactivity was degraded to mono[125I]iodotyrosine within 1 hr. The macrophage binding site also recognized maleylated LDL, maleylated albumin, and two sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidin and dextran sulfate) indicating that negative charges were important in the binding reaction. A similar binding site was present on rat peritoneal macrophages, guinea pig Kupffer cells, and cultured human mococytes but not on human lymphocytes or fibroblasts, mouse L cells or Y-1 adrenal cells, or Chinese hamster ovary cells. Uptake and degradation of acetyl-LDL via this binding site stimulated cholesterol esterification 100-fold and produced a 38-fold increase in the cellular content of cholesterol in mouse peritoneal macrophages. although the physiologic significance, if any, of this macrophage uptake mechanism is not yet known, we hypothesize that it may mediate the degradation of denatured LDL in the body and thus serve as a 'backup' mechanism for the previously described receptor-mediated degradation of native LDL that occurs in parenchymal cells. Such a scavenger pathway might account for the widespread deposition of LDL-derived cholesteryl esters in macrophages of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in whom the parenchymal cell pathway for LDL degradation is blocked, owing to a genetic deficiency of receptors for native LDL.
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.76.1.333
DO - 10.1073/pnas.76.1.333
M3 - Article
C2 - 218198
AN - SCOPUS:0009627006
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 76
SP - 333
EP - 337
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 1
ER -