TY - JOUR
T1 - Bone marrow as a cell source for tissue engineering heart valves
AU - Perry, Tjörvi E.
AU - Kaushal, Sunjay
AU - Sutherland, Fraser W H
AU - Guleserian, Kristine J.
AU - Bischoff, Joyce
AU - Sacks, Michael
AU - Mayer, John E.
AU - Kadner, Alexander
AU - Kurlansky, Paul
AU - Huddleston, Charles B.
N1 - Funding Information:
The Thoracic Surgery Directors Association (TSDA) Resident Research Award, sponsored by Medtronic, Inc, was established in 1990 to encourage resident research in cardiothoracic surgery. Abstracts submitted to The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Program Committee representing research performed by residents were forwarded to the TSDA to be considered for this award. The abstracts were selected by the TSDA Executive Committee consisting of Edward D. Verrier, President, Douglas J. Mathisen, President-Elect, Jeffrey P. Gold, Secretary/Treasurer, Gordon N. Olinger, MD, Immediate Past President, John H. Calhoon, Councillor-at-Large, and Richard J. Shemin, Councillor-At-Large.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by a National Institutes of Health grant 1 RO1 HL60463-02. We thank Drs Frederick Schoen and Elena Rabkin for the preparation and interpretation of the histology. We acknowledge Karen Hodgins for preparation of the scanning electron microscopy photographs and Kristine Gullage for the preparation of the illustrations.
PY - 2003/3/1
Y1 - 2003/3/1
N2 - Background. This study was designed to assess the feasibility of using ovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to develop a trileaflet heart valve using a tissue engineering approach. Methods. Bone marrow was aspirated from the sternum of adult sheep. Cells were isolated using a Ficoll gradient, cultured, and characterized based on immunofluorescent staining and the ability to differentiate down a specific cell lineage. Two million cells per centimeter squared were delivered onto a polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) composite scaffold and cultured for 1 week before being transferred to a pulse duplicator for an additional 2 weeks. The tissue-engineered valves were assessed by histology, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical flexure testing. Results. Cells expressed SH2, a marker for mesenchymal stem cells, as well as specific markers of smooth muscle cell lineage including α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and calponin. These cells could be induced to differentiate down an adipocyte lineage confirming they had not fully committed to a specific cell lineage. Preliminary histologic examination showed patchy surface confluency confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, and deep cellular material. Biomechanical flexure testing of the leaflets showed an effective stiffness comparable to normal valve leaflets. Conclusions. Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated noninvasively from the sternum of sheep and can adhere to and populate a PGA/P4HB composite scaffold to form "tissue" that has biomechanical properties similar to native heart valve leaflets. Thus, bone marrow may be a potential source of cells for tissue engineering trileaflet heart valves, particularly in children with congenital heart disease.
AB - Background. This study was designed to assess the feasibility of using ovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to develop a trileaflet heart valve using a tissue engineering approach. Methods. Bone marrow was aspirated from the sternum of adult sheep. Cells were isolated using a Ficoll gradient, cultured, and characterized based on immunofluorescent staining and the ability to differentiate down a specific cell lineage. Two million cells per centimeter squared were delivered onto a polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) composite scaffold and cultured for 1 week before being transferred to a pulse duplicator for an additional 2 weeks. The tissue-engineered valves were assessed by histology, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical flexure testing. Results. Cells expressed SH2, a marker for mesenchymal stem cells, as well as specific markers of smooth muscle cell lineage including α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and calponin. These cells could be induced to differentiate down an adipocyte lineage confirming they had not fully committed to a specific cell lineage. Preliminary histologic examination showed patchy surface confluency confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, and deep cellular material. Biomechanical flexure testing of the leaflets showed an effective stiffness comparable to normal valve leaflets. Conclusions. Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated noninvasively from the sternum of sheep and can adhere to and populate a PGA/P4HB composite scaffold to form "tissue" that has biomechanical properties similar to native heart valve leaflets. Thus, bone marrow may be a potential source of cells for tissue engineering trileaflet heart valves, particularly in children with congenital heart disease.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03776-1
DO - 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03776-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 12645690
AN - SCOPUS:0037336402
SN - 0003-4975
VL - 75
SP - 761
EP - 767
JO - Annals of Thoracic Surgery
JF - Annals of Thoracic Surgery
IS - 3
ER -