Clinical pathogenesis of typhoid fever.

Manuela Raffatellu, R. Paul Wilson, Sebastian E. Winter, Andreas J. Bäumler

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

88 Scopus citations

Abstract

Human infections with Salmonella enterica results in two major groups of diseases: gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. Clinical observations suggest that gastroenteritis, caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars, is characterized by a massive neutrophil influx, which keeps the infection localized to the intestinal mucosa. In contrast, the absence of neutrophilic intestinal infiltrates in the acute phase of typhoid fever suggests a propensity for typhoidal Salmonella serovars (S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, S. Paratyphi B and S. Paratyphi C) to evade aspects of the innate immune response and cause a systemic infection. The fact that there are no virulence genes shared by typhoidal Salmonella serovars that are absent from non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars, suggests that this innate immune evasion is mediated by different mechanisms in different typhoidal serovars. This review discusses what is known about the clinical pathogenesis of typhoid fever.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)260-266
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of infection in developing countries
Volume2
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2008

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Parasitology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

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