TY - JOUR
T1 - Considering the influence of stimulation parameters on the effect of conventional and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation
AU - To, Wing Ting
AU - Hart, John
AU - De Ridder, Dirk
AU - Vanneste, Sven
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Taylor & Francis.
PY - 2016/4/2
Y1 - 2016/4/2
N2 - Recently, techniques to non-invasively modulate specific brain areas gained popularity in the form of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation. These non-invasive techniques have already shown promising outcomes in various studies with healthy subjects as well as patient populations. Despite widespread dissemination of tDCS, there remain significant unknowns about the influence of a diverse number of tDCS parameters (e.g. polarity, size, position of electrodes & duration of stimulation) in inducing neurophysiological and behavioral effects. This article explores both techniques starting with the history of tDCS, to the differences between conventional tDCS and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, the underlying physiological mechanism, the (in)direct effects, the applications of tDCS with varying parameters, the efficacy, the safety issues and the opportunities for future research.
AB - Recently, techniques to non-invasively modulate specific brain areas gained popularity in the form of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation. These non-invasive techniques have already shown promising outcomes in various studies with healthy subjects as well as patient populations. Despite widespread dissemination of tDCS, there remain significant unknowns about the influence of a diverse number of tDCS parameters (e.g. polarity, size, position of electrodes & duration of stimulation) in inducing neurophysiological and behavioral effects. This article explores both techniques starting with the history of tDCS, to the differences between conventional tDCS and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, the underlying physiological mechanism, the (in)direct effects, the applications of tDCS with varying parameters, the efficacy, the safety issues and the opportunities for future research.
KW - HD-tDCS
KW - Non-invasive
KW - neuromodulation
KW - stimulation parameters
KW - transcranial direct current stimulation
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U2 - 10.1586/17434440.2016.1153968
DO - 10.1586/17434440.2016.1153968
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26894636
AN - SCOPUS:84961201029
SN - 1743-4440
VL - 13
SP - 391
EP - 404
JO - Expert review of medical devices
JF - Expert review of medical devices
IS - 4
ER -