CT and MR Imaging of the Pediatric Temporal Bone: Normal Variants and Pitfalls

Purpose of Review: This article will discuss high-resolution CT (HRCT) and MRI of the pediatric temporal bone with a focus on variant anatomy that can mimic pathology or affect surgical planning, as well as some potential pitfalls in image interpretation. Recent Findings: The latest research shows that with improving imaging technology, there is better visualization of temporal bone structure, both normal and abnormal, on HRCT and MRI. Examples include earlier detection of cochlear obstruction in labyrinthitis ossificans with MRI, the ability to better define ossicular chain abnormalities, and the identification of pericochlear lucency in children without hearing loss. Summary: Advances in temporal bone imaging have contributed to a greater understanding of normal anatomy as well as temporal bone pathology and its implications for treatment and surgical planning. It is clear that correlation of imaging findings with clinical and surgical findings will be an essential part of future research.