Design and rationale of a multicenter defeat alcoholic steatohepatitis trial: (DASH) randomized clinical trial to treat alcohol-associated hepatitis

Background/aims: Despite high mortality of alcohol-associated hepatitis, there has been limited advancement in treatment strategies. Defeat Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (DASH) is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial whose primary objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel combination of 3 drugs targeting different perturbations in AH. Methods: Severe AH was diagnosed by liver biopsy or clinical and biochemical criteria and model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score ≥ 20 stratified by MELD scores (20–25 and ≥ 26) and randomized to a combination of an interleukin receptor 1 antagonist, Anakinra(100 mg daily for 14 days) to suppress acute inflammation, pentoxifylline (400 mg three times a day for 28 days) to prevent hepatorenal syndrome, and zinc sulfate (220 mg orally once daily for 6 months) or the standard of care therapy including methylprednisolone 32 mg orally once daily for 28 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the unadjusted log-rank test of the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for the two treatment groups at 180 days. Results: Between July 2012 to March 2018, 500 subjects with severe AH were screened of which 104 subjects were enrolled with MELD score of 25.6 ± 3.2 (20.0–35.0) in the investigational arm and 25.8 ± 4.5 (20.0–40.0) in the standard of care arm. Causes of screen failures included not meeting eligibility criteria (n = 347), declining to participate (n = 39), and other reasons (n = 10). Conclusions: Data from the DASH consortium studies will determine if a combination of drugs targeting multiple mechanisms of injury in the severe AH will improve clinical outcomes.