Detection of lactate with a Hadamard slice selected, selective multiple quantum coherence, chemical shift imaging sequence (HDMD-SelMQC-CSI) on a clinical MRI scanner: Application to tumors and muscle ischemia

Eric A. Mellon, Seung Cheol Lee, Stephen Pickup, Sungheon Kim, Steven C. Goldstein, Thomas F. Floyd, Harish Poptani, E. James Delikatny, Ravinder Reddy, Jerry D. Glickson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

Lactate is an important metabolite in normal and malignant tissues detectable by NMR spectroscopy; however, it has been difficult to clinically detect the lactate methyl resonance because it is obscured by lipid resonances. The selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer technique offers a method for distinguishing lipid and lactate resonances. We implemented a three-dimensional selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer version with Hadamard slice selection and two-dimensional phase encoding (Hadamard encoded-selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer-chemical shift imaging) on a conventional clinical MR scanner. Hadamard slice selection is explained and demonstrated in vivo. This is followed by 1-cm3 resolution lactate imaging with detection to 5-mM concentration in 20 min on a 3-T clinical scanner. An analysis of QSel gradient duration and amplitude effects on lactate and lipid signal is presented. To demonstrate clinical feasibility, a 5-min lactate scan of a patient with a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the superficial thigh is reported. The elevated lactate signal coincides with the T2-weighted image of this tumor. As a test of selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer sensitivity, a thigh tourniquet was applied to a normal volunteer and an increase in lactate was detected immediately after tourniquet flow constriction. In conclusion, the Hadamard encoded-selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer-chemical shift imaging sequence is demonstrated on a phantom and in two lipid-rich, clinically relevant, in vivo conditions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1404-1413
Number of pages10
JournalMagnetic resonance in medicine
Volume62
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2009

Keywords

  • Blood flow occlusion
  • Hadamard encoding
  • Lactate imaging
  • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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