Development of biodegradable crosslinked urethane-doped polyester elastomers

Traditional crosslinked polyester elastomers are inherently weak, and the strategy of increasing crosslink density to improve their mechanical properties makes them brittle materials. Biodegradable polyurethanes, although strong and elastic, do not fare well in dynamic environments due to the onset of permanent deformation. The design and development of a soft, strong and completely elastic (100% recovery from deformation) material for tissue engineering still remains a challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a new class of biodegradable elastomers, crosslinked urethane-doped polyesters (CUPEs), which is able to satisfy the need for soft, strong, and elastic biomaterials. Tensile strength of CUPE was as high as 41.07 ± 6.85 MPa with corresponding elongation at break of 222.66 ± 27.84%. The initial modulus ranged from 4.14 ± 1.71 MPa to 38.35 ± 4.5 MPa. Mechanical properties and degradation rates of CUPE could be controlled by varying the choice of diol used for synthesis, the polymerization conditions, as well as the concentration of urethane bonds in the polymer. The polymers demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo biocompatibilities. Preliminary hemocompatibility evaluation indicated that CUPE adhered and activated lesser number of platelets compared to PLLA. Good mechanical properties and easy processability make these materials well suited for soft tissue engineering applications. The introduction of CUPEs provides new avenues to meet the versatile requirements of tissue engineering and other biomedical applications.