@article{975c8b33d9924e75a124b2b9b85a774f,
title = "Direct evidence that the VEGF-specific antibody bevacizumab has antivascular effects in human rectal cancer",
abstract = "The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blockade on the vascular biology of human tumors are not known. Here we show here that a single infusion of the VEGF-specific antibody bevacizumab decreases tumor perfusion, vascular volume, microvascular density, interstitial fluid pressure and the number of viable, circulating endothelial and progenitor cells, and increases the fraction of vessels with pericyte coverage in rectal carcinoma patients. These data indicate that VEGF blockade has a direct and rapid antivascular effect in human tumors.",
author = "Willett, {Christopher G.} and Yves Boucher and {Di Tomaso}, Emmanuelle and Duda, {Dan G.} and Munn, {Lance L.} and Tong, {Ricky T.} and Chung, {Daniel C.} and Sahani, {Dushyant V.} and Kalva, {Sanjeeva P.} and Kozin, {Sergey V.} and Mari Mino and Cohen, {Kenneth S.} and Scadden, {David T.} and Hartford, {Alan C.} and Fischman, {Alan J.} and Clark, {Jeffrey W.} and Ryan, {David P.} and Zhu, {Andrew X.} and Blaszkowsky, {Lawrence S.} and Chen, {Helen X.} and Shellito, {Paul C.} and Lauwers, {Gregory Y.} and Jain, {Rakesh K.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by two National Cancer Institute grants (R21 CA099237 to C.G.W. and PO1 CA80124 to R.K.J.). D.G.D. is a Cancer Research Institute fellow. R.T.T. is a fellow of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation. We thank T. Lee for his contribution to the CT analysis, M. Ancukiewicz, T.P. Padera and W. Strauss for helpful comments, and J. Tooredman for the ELISAs. Funding Information: This work was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (RO1 AO34969) and The Wellcome Trust (042390/Z/94). W.F. is partly supported by the US National Cancer Institute/National Institutes of Health (CA 90301). Many clinicians provided patient care (see Supplementary Note online). For conducting the autopsies, we thank mortuary attendants D. Kotokwa and W. Namanya, and pathologists M. Appleton, D. Barrowcliff, R. Bazinet, D. Connor, T. Kovan, F. MacInnes, H. Manz, D. Milner, A. Oviedo, U. Mahadeva, E. Pollina, C. Richards, C. Richert, L. Stein, R. Tozer, G. Vischer and V. White. We thank the patients{\textquoteright} families for the privilege of conducting these autopsies, A. Indurkhya for early statistical input, S. Rogerson for reviewing the manuscript and P. Marsh for nutritional support.",
year = "2004",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1038/nm988",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
pages = "145--147",
journal = "Nature medicine",
issn = "1078-8956",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "2",
}