TY - JOUR
T1 - Divergent roles of RelA and c-Rel in establishing chromosomal loops upon activation of the Igκ gene
AU - Liu, Zhe
AU - Ma, Zhenyi
AU - Terada, Lance S.
AU - Garrard, William T.
PY - 2009/9/15
Y1 - 2009/9/15
N2 - Precise regulation of eukaryotic gene expression requires interactions between distal cis-acting regulatory sequences with the looping out of the intervening DNA, but how trans-acting regulatory proteins work to establish and maintain DNA loops during gene activation remains largely unexplored. LPS-induced transcription of the mouse Igκgene in B lymphocytes utilizes three distal enhancers and requires the transcription factor NF-κB, whose family members include RelA and c-Rel. Using chromosome conformation capture technology in combination with chromatin immunoprecipitation, here we demonstrate that LPS-induced Igκ gene activation creates chromosomal loops by bridging together all three pairwise interactions between the distal enhancers and RNA polymerase II, the apparent molecular tie for the bases of these loops. RelA and actin polymerization are essential for triggering these processes, which do not require new transcription, protein synthesis, or c-Rel. We have thus identified both essential and nonessential events that establish higher order chromatin reorganization during Igκ gene activation.
AB - Precise regulation of eukaryotic gene expression requires interactions between distal cis-acting regulatory sequences with the looping out of the intervening DNA, but how trans-acting regulatory proteins work to establish and maintain DNA loops during gene activation remains largely unexplored. LPS-induced transcription of the mouse Igκgene in B lymphocytes utilizes three distal enhancers and requires the transcription factor NF-κB, whose family members include RelA and c-Rel. Using chromosome conformation capture technology in combination with chromatin immunoprecipitation, here we demonstrate that LPS-induced Igκ gene activation creates chromosomal loops by bridging together all three pairwise interactions between the distal enhancers and RNA polymerase II, the apparent molecular tie for the bases of these loops. RelA and actin polymerization are essential for triggering these processes, which do not require new transcription, protein synthesis, or c-Rel. We have thus identified both essential and nonessential events that establish higher order chromatin reorganization during Igκ gene activation.
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U2 - 10.4049/jimmunol.0901781
DO - 10.4049/jimmunol.0901781
M3 - Article
C2 - 19710460
AN - SCOPUS:70349334302
SN - 0022-1767
VL - 183
SP - 3819
EP - 3830
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
IS - 6
ER -