TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Age, Gender, and Sun Exposure on Ethnic Skin Photoaging
T2 - Evidence Gathered Using a New Photonumeric Scale
AU - Chien, Anna L.
AU - Qi, Ji
AU - Grandhi, Radhika
AU - Kim, Noori
AU - César, Sabrina Sisto Alessi
AU - Harris-Tryon, Tamia
AU - Jang, Min Soo
AU - Olowoyeye, Omolara
AU - Kuhn, Diane
AU - Leung, Sherry
AU - Rainer, Barbara M.
AU - Poon, Flora
AU - Suh, Jean
AU - Cheng, Nancy
AU - Okoye, Ginette A.
AU - Kang, Sewon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 National Medical Association
PY - 2018/4
Y1 - 2018/4
N2 - Background: African–Americans are less affected by photoaging than lighter skin individuals. Although scales for photoaging have been developed for Caucasians and Asians, no scale exists for African–Americans. Aim: To develop a photonumeric scale for photoaging and to determine factors that contribute to photoaging in African–Americans. Methods: Five participants' photographs were selected as standards to create a 9-point photonumeric scale (0 = none, 8 = most severe). Three blinded dermatologists used the scale to grade the remaining participants' photographs. Results: Interrater reliabilities were 0.775 (95% CI: 0.635, 0.880) for trial 1 and 0.832 (0.747, 0.883) for trial 2. Intrarater reliabilities, assessed over a 1 week interval, were 0.863 (0.727, 0.940), 0.928 (0.890, 0.954), and 0.866 (0.739, 0.935) for the three graders, indicating strong agreement. Photoaging scores were then correlated with participants' survey on lifestyle factors, which yielded age as a significant predictor (r = 0.91, p < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple regression model to predict facial photoaging (adjusted R2 = 0.849) selected age (b1 = 0.111, p < 0.001), sun exposure (b2 = 0.206, p = 0.014), and gender (b2 = −0.388, p = 0.063) as the most important variables. Conclusions: A reliable photonumeric scale for photoaging in African Americans was developed. Age, sun exposure, and male gender were found to be contributory factors to photoaging.
AB - Background: African–Americans are less affected by photoaging than lighter skin individuals. Although scales for photoaging have been developed for Caucasians and Asians, no scale exists for African–Americans. Aim: To develop a photonumeric scale for photoaging and to determine factors that contribute to photoaging in African–Americans. Methods: Five participants' photographs were selected as standards to create a 9-point photonumeric scale (0 = none, 8 = most severe). Three blinded dermatologists used the scale to grade the remaining participants' photographs. Results: Interrater reliabilities were 0.775 (95% CI: 0.635, 0.880) for trial 1 and 0.832 (0.747, 0.883) for trial 2. Intrarater reliabilities, assessed over a 1 week interval, were 0.863 (0.727, 0.940), 0.928 (0.890, 0.954), and 0.866 (0.739, 0.935) for the three graders, indicating strong agreement. Photoaging scores were then correlated with participants' survey on lifestyle factors, which yielded age as a significant predictor (r = 0.91, p < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple regression model to predict facial photoaging (adjusted R2 = 0.849) selected age (b1 = 0.111, p < 0.001), sun exposure (b2 = 0.206, p = 0.014), and gender (b2 = −0.388, p = 0.063) as the most important variables. Conclusions: A reliable photonumeric scale for photoaging in African Americans was developed. Age, sun exposure, and male gender were found to be contributory factors to photoaging.
KW - African Americans
KW - Aging
KW - Ethnic skin
KW - Photoaging scale
KW - Sun-exposed skin
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jnma.2017.05.001
DO - 10.1016/j.jnma.2017.05.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 29580452
AN - SCOPUS:85020197095
SN - 0027-9684
VL - 110
SP - 176
EP - 181
JO - Journal of the National Medical Association
JF - Journal of the National Medical Association
IS - 2
ER -