Abstract
Mouth-to-mouth and bag-valve-mask ventilation have been an indispensable part of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, only recently have the effects of different tidal volumes on arterial oxygenation been reported for mouth-to-mouth and bag-valve-mask ventilation. Currently recommended tidal volumes (10-15 mL/kg) are associated with an increased risk of gastric inflation because they produce high peak inspiratory pressures. An animal model of ventilation with an unprotected airway showed that a smaller tidal volume (6 mL/kg) is as effective as a larger tidal volume (12 mL/kg) in maintaining SaO2 at >96%. However, a smaller tidal volume with exhaled gas ventilation produced a mean SaO2 of 48%, which is ineffective. Ventilation gas mixtures have been studied in models of cardiac arrest and CPR. One study showed that ventilation with air during 6 mins of CPR resulted in a return of spontaneous circulation in 10 of 12 animals compared with only 5 of 12 animals ventilated with exhaled gas (p < .04). Arterial and mixed-venous PO2 were significantly higher, and PCO2 was significantly lower in the air ventilation group. Investigations of the cardiovascular effects of mouth-to-mouth ventilation during CPR suggest that there are adverse effects during low blood flow states. However, mouth-to-mouth ventilation during respiratory arrest is lifesaving and should continue to be taught and emphasized in basic life support courses.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | N196-N198 |
Journal | Critical care medicine |
Volume | 28 |
Issue number | 11 SUPPL. |
State | Published - Dec 7 2000 |
Keywords
- Acidosis
- Artificial ventilation
- Bag-valve-mask ventilation
- Cardiac arrest
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Hypercarbia
- Hypoxemia
- Mouth-to-mouth ventilation
- Ventilation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine