TY - JOUR
T1 - Evidence for a Second Interaction between the Regulatory Amino-terminal and Central Output Domains of the Response Regulator NtrC (Nitrogen Regulator I) in Escherichia coli
AU - Harrod, Albert Carson
AU - Yang, Xiaofeng
AU - Junker, Matthew
AU - Reitzer, Larry
PY - 2004/1/23
Y1 - 2004/1/23
N2 - Nitrogen limitation in Escherichia coli activates about 100 genes. Their expression requires the response regulator NtrC (also called nitrogen regulator I or NRI). Phosphorylation of the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of NtrC activates the neighboring central domain and leads to transcriptional activation from promoters that require σ54-containing RNA polymerase. The NTD has five β strands alternating with five α helices. Phosphorylation of aspartate 54 has been shown to reposition α helix 3 to β strand 5 (the "3445 face") within the NTD. To further study the interactions between the amino-terminal and central domains, we isolated strains with alterations in the NTD that were able to grow on a poor nitrogen source in the absence of phosphorylation by the cognate sensor kinase. We identified strains with alterations located in the 3445 face and α helix 5. Both types of alterations stimulated central domain activities. The α helix 5 alterations differed from those in the 3445 face. They did not cause a large scale conformational change in the NTD, which is not necessary for transcriptional activation in these mutants. Yeast two-hybrid analysis indicated that substitutions in both α helix 5 and the 3445 face diminish the interaction between the NTD and the central domain. Our results suggest that α helix 5 of the NTD, in addition to the 3445 face, interacts with the central domain. We present a model of interdomain signal transduction that proposes different functions for α helix 5 and the 3445 face.
AB - Nitrogen limitation in Escherichia coli activates about 100 genes. Their expression requires the response regulator NtrC (also called nitrogen regulator I or NRI). Phosphorylation of the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of NtrC activates the neighboring central domain and leads to transcriptional activation from promoters that require σ54-containing RNA polymerase. The NTD has five β strands alternating with five α helices. Phosphorylation of aspartate 54 has been shown to reposition α helix 3 to β strand 5 (the "3445 face") within the NTD. To further study the interactions between the amino-terminal and central domains, we isolated strains with alterations in the NTD that were able to grow on a poor nitrogen source in the absence of phosphorylation by the cognate sensor kinase. We identified strains with alterations located in the 3445 face and α helix 5. Both types of alterations stimulated central domain activities. The α helix 5 alterations differed from those in the 3445 face. They did not cause a large scale conformational change in the NTD, which is not necessary for transcriptional activation in these mutants. Yeast two-hybrid analysis indicated that substitutions in both α helix 5 and the 3445 face diminish the interaction between the NTD and the central domain. Our results suggest that α helix 5 of the NTD, in addition to the 3445 face, interacts with the central domain. We present a model of interdomain signal transduction that proposes different functions for α helix 5 and the 3445 face.
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U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M306181200
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M306181200
M3 - Article
C2 - 14563853
AN - SCOPUS:1642535473
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 279
SP - 2350
EP - 2359
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 4
ER -