TY - JOUR
T1 - Evidence that a mutation in the MLH1 3′-untranslated region confers a mutator phenotype and mismatch repair deficiency in patients with relapsed leukemia
AU - Mao, Guogen
AU - Pan, Xiaoyu
AU - Gu, Liya
PY - 2008/2/8
Y1 - 2008/2/8
N2 - Defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) are the molecular basis of certain cancers, including hematological malignancies. The defects are often caused by mutations in coding regions of MMR genes or promoter methylation of the genes. However, in many cases, despite that a hypermutable phenotype is detected in a patient, no mutations/hypermethylations of MMR genes can be detected. We report here a novel mechanism that a mutation in the MLH1 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) leads to MMR deficiency. A relapsed leukemia patient displayed microsatellite instability, but no genetic and epigenetic alterations in key MMR genes were identifiable. Instead, a 3-nucleotide (TTC) deletion in the MLH1 3′-UTR was found in the patient's blood sample. The mutant MLH1 3′-UTR was found to significantly reduce the expressions of both a firefly luciferase reporter gene and an ectopic MLH1 gene in model cell lines. Consistent with these observations, a significant reduction in the steady-state level of MLH1 mRNA was observed in white blood cells of the patient. These findings suggest that the mutant MLH1 3′-UTR can cause a severely reduced/defective MMR activity conferring leukemia relapse, likely by down-regulating MLH1 expression at the mRNA level. Although the exact mechanism by which the mutant 3′-UTR down-regulates the MLH1 mRNA is not known, our findings provide a novel marker for cancers with MMR defects.
AB - Defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) are the molecular basis of certain cancers, including hematological malignancies. The defects are often caused by mutations in coding regions of MMR genes or promoter methylation of the genes. However, in many cases, despite that a hypermutable phenotype is detected in a patient, no mutations/hypermethylations of MMR genes can be detected. We report here a novel mechanism that a mutation in the MLH1 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) leads to MMR deficiency. A relapsed leukemia patient displayed microsatellite instability, but no genetic and epigenetic alterations in key MMR genes were identifiable. Instead, a 3-nucleotide (TTC) deletion in the MLH1 3′-UTR was found in the patient's blood sample. The mutant MLH1 3′-UTR was found to significantly reduce the expressions of both a firefly luciferase reporter gene and an ectopic MLH1 gene in model cell lines. Consistent with these observations, a significant reduction in the steady-state level of MLH1 mRNA was observed in white blood cells of the patient. These findings suggest that the mutant MLH1 3′-UTR can cause a severely reduced/defective MMR activity conferring leukemia relapse, likely by down-regulating MLH1 expression at the mRNA level. Although the exact mechanism by which the mutant 3′-UTR down-regulates the MLH1 mRNA is not known, our findings provide a novel marker for cancers with MMR defects.
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U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M709276200
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M709276200
M3 - Article
C2 - 18056700
AN - SCOPUS:41249086157
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 283
SP - 3211
EP - 3216
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 6
ER -