TY - JOUR
T1 - Evidence that FGFRL1 contributes to congenital diaphragmatic hernia development in humans
AU - Gofin, Yoel
AU - Mackay, Laura Palmer
AU - Machol, Keren
AU - Keswani, Sundeep
AU - Potocki, Lorraine
AU - Di Gregorio, Eleonora
AU - Naretto, Valeria Giorgia
AU - Brusco, Alfredo
AU - Hernandez-Garcia, Andres
AU - Scott, Daryl A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 (FGFRL1) encodes a transmembrane protein that is related to fibroblast growth factor receptors but lacks an intercellular tyrosine kinase domain. in vitro studies suggest that FGFRL1 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell differentiation and cell adhesion. Mice that lack FGFRL1 die shortly after birth from respiratory distress and have abnormally thin diaphragms whose muscular hypoplasia allows the liver to protrude into the thoracic cavity. Haploinsufficiency of FGFRL1 has been hypothesized to contribute to the development of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. However, data from both humans and mice suggest that disruption of one copy of FGFRL1 alone is insufficient to cause diaphragm defects. Here we report a female fetus with CDH whose 4p16.3 deletion allows us to refine the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome CDH critical region to an approximately 1.9 Mb region that contains FGFRL1. We also report a male infant with isolated left-sided diaphragm agenesis who carried compound heterozygous missense variants in FGFRL1. These cases provide additional evidence that deleterious FGFRL1 variants may contribute to the development of CDH in humans.
AB - Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 (FGFRL1) encodes a transmembrane protein that is related to fibroblast growth factor receptors but lacks an intercellular tyrosine kinase domain. in vitro studies suggest that FGFRL1 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell differentiation and cell adhesion. Mice that lack FGFRL1 die shortly after birth from respiratory distress and have abnormally thin diaphragms whose muscular hypoplasia allows the liver to protrude into the thoracic cavity. Haploinsufficiency of FGFRL1 has been hypothesized to contribute to the development of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. However, data from both humans and mice suggest that disruption of one copy of FGFRL1 alone is insufficient to cause diaphragm defects. Here we report a female fetus with CDH whose 4p16.3 deletion allows us to refine the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome CDH critical region to an approximately 1.9 Mb region that contains FGFRL1. We also report a male infant with isolated left-sided diaphragm agenesis who carried compound heterozygous missense variants in FGFRL1. These cases provide additional evidence that deleterious FGFRL1 variants may contribute to the development of CDH in humans.
KW - 4p16.3
KW - FGFRL1
KW - Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
KW - congenital diaphragmatic hernia
KW - critical region
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U2 - 10.1002/ajmg.a.62066
DO - 10.1002/ajmg.a.62066
M3 - Article
C2 - 33443296
AN - SCOPUS:85099377752
SN - 1552-4825
VL - 185
SP - 836
EP - 840
JO - American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A
JF - American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A
IS - 3
ER -