Extracellular signal-regulated kinase mediates granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor messenger RNA stabilization in tumor necrosis factor-α plus fibronectin-activated peripheral blood eosinophils

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is critical for promoting the long-term survival of lung- or airway-based eosinophils. Previously, we have shown that fibronectin and tumor necrosis factor α Induced autocrine production of GM-CSF that markedly enhanced eosinophil survival. Cytokine release was preceded by and dependent on messenger RNA (mRNA) stabilization. Here, we show that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation is responsible for GM-CSF mRNA stabilization in peripheral blood eosinophils (pbeos). Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) but not p38 correlated with GM-CSF mRNA stability. Although ERK inhibition completely prevented GM-CSF mRNA stabilization, p38 inhibition had a partial effect. To establish which MAPK was crucial, we transduced pbeos with dominant-active TatMEK1(E) or TatMKK3b(E) proteins that selectively phosphorylate ERK or p38, respectively. These studies showed that ERK but not p38 was sufficient for GM-CSF mRNA stabilization. These data are in contradistinction to the c-Jun NH₂-termainal kinase-mediated regulation of interleukin 2 and 3 mRNAs and suggest unique regulatory features for GM-CSF mRNA in eosinophils.