Fanconi Anemia Proteins Function in Mitophagy and Immunity

Rhea Sumpter, Shyam Sirasanagandla, Álvaro F. Fernández, Yongjie Wei, Xiaonan Dong, Luis Franco, Zhongju Zou, Christophe Marchal, Ming Yeh Lee, D. Wade Clapp, Helmut Hanenberg, Beth Levine

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

196 Scopus citations

Abstract

Summary Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway genes are important tumor suppressors whose best-characterized function is repair of damaged nuclear DNA. Here, we describe an essential role for FA genes in two forms of selective autophagy. Genetic deletion of Fancc blocks the autophagic clearance of viruses (virophagy) and increases susceptibility to lethal viral encephalitis. Fanconi anemia complementation group C (FANCC) protein interacts with Parkin, is required in vitro and in vivo for clearance of damaged mitochondria, and decreases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammasome activation. The mitophagy function of FANCC is genetically distinct from its role in genomic DNA damage repair. Moreover, additional genes in the FA pathway, including FANCA, FANCF, FANCL, FANCD2, BRCA1, and BRCA2, are required for mitophagy. Thus, members of the FA pathway represent a previously undescribed class of selective autophagy genes that function in immunity and organellar homeostasis. These findings have implications for understanding the pathogenesis of FA and cancers associated with mutations in FA genes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)867-881
Number of pages15
JournalCell
Volume165
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - May 5 2016

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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