Gut-derived GIP activates central Rap1 to impair neural leptin sensitivity during overnutrition

Kentaro Kaneko, Yukiko Fu, Hsiao Yun Lin, Elizabeth L. Cordonier, Qianxing Mo, Yong Gao, Ting Yao, Jacqueline Naylor, Victor Howard, Kenji Saito, Pingwen Xu, Siyu S. Chen, Miao Hsueh Chen, Yong Xu, Kevin W. Williams, Peter Ravn, Makoto Fukuda

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

59 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nutrient excess, a major driver of obesity, diminishes hypothalamic responses to exogenously administered leptin, a critical hormone of energy balance. Here, we aimed to identify a physiological signal that arises from excess caloric intake and negatively controls hypothalamic leptin action. We found that deficiency of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (Gipr) for the gut-derived incretin hormone GIP protected against diet-induced neural leptin resistance. Furthermore, a centrally administered antibody that neutralizes GIPR had remarkable antiobesity effects in diet-induced obese mice, including reduced body weight and adiposity, and a decreased hypothalamic level of SOCS3, an inhibitor of leptin actions. In contrast, centrally administered GIP diminished hypothalamic sensitivity to leptin and increased hypothalamic levels of Socs3. Finally, we show that GIP increased the active form of the small GTPase Rap1 in the brain and that its activation was required for the central actions of GIP. Altogether, our results identify GIPR/Rap1 signaling in the brain as a molecular pathway linking overnutrition to the control of neural leptin actions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3786-3791
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation
Volume129
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 3 2019

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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