Abstract
Objective: To examine heterogeneity in the temporal patterns of depression and participation over the first 2 years post traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Observational prospective longitudinal study. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation centers, with 1- and 2-year follow-up conducted primarily by telephone. Participants: Persons with TBI (N=2307) enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems database, followed at 1 and 2 years post injury. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Participation Assessment With Recombined Tools–Objective (PART-O). Results: Using latent class modeling we examined heterogeneity in the longitudinal relationship between PHQ-9 and PART-O. The identified 6 classes were most distinct in terms of (1) level of PHQ-9 score and (2) association between the year 1 PART-O score and year 2 PHQ-9 score. For most participants, PART-O at year 1 predicted PHQ-9 at year 2 more than the reverse. However, there was a subgroup of participants that demonstrated the reverse pattern, PHQ-9 predicting later PART-O, who were on average, older and in the “other” employment category. Conclusions: Results suggest that links between participation and depression are stronger for some people living with TBI than for others and that variation in the temporal sequencing of these 2 constructs is associated with demographic characteristics. These findings illustrate the value in accounting for population heterogeneity when evaluating temporal among outcome domains.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1973-1979 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation |
Volume | 101 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- Brain injuries
- Depression
- Latent class analysis
- Mental health
- Rehabilitation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
- Rehabilitation