Homeostatic regulation of glutamate release in response to depolarization

Krista L. Moulder, Julian P. Meeks, Steven Mennerick

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

Proper nervous system function requires a balance between excitation and inhibition. Systems of homeostasis may have evolved in neurons to help maintain or restore balance between excitation and inhibition, presumably because excessive excitation can cause dysfunction and cell death. This article reviews evidence for homeostatic mechanisms within the hippocampus that lead to differential regulation of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid release in response to conditions of excess depolarization. We recently found differential effects on glutamate release at the level of action potential coupling to transmitter release, vesicular release probability, and vesicle availability. Such differential regulation may help to prevent excitotoxicity and runaway excitation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)133-153
Number of pages21
JournalMolecular Neurobiology
Volume33
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 2006

Keywords

  • Action potential initiation
  • Action potential propagation
  • Depolarization
  • GABA
  • Glutamate
  • Homeostasis
  • K channels
  • Na channels
  • Potassium

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Neurology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience (miscellaneous)

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