TY - JOUR
T1 - Importance of Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Clinical Practice
T2 - A Case for Fitness as a Clinical Vital Sign: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association
AU - On behalf of the American Heart Association Physical Activity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council o
AU - Ross, Robert
AU - Blair, Steven N.
AU - Arena, Ross
AU - Church, Timothy S.
AU - Després, Jean Pierre
AU - Franklin, Barry A.
AU - Haskell, William L.
AU - Kaminsky, Leonard A.
AU - Levine, Benjamin D.
AU - Lavie, Carl J.
AU - Myers, Jonathan
AU - Niebauer, Josef
AU - Sallis, Robert
AU - Sawada, Susumu S.
AU - Sui, Xuemei
AU - Wisløff, Ulrik
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Heart Association, Inc.
PY - 2016/12/13
Y1 - 2016/12/13
N2 - Mounting evidence has firmly established that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and mortality rates attributable to various cancers. A growing body of epidemiological and clinical evidence demonstrates not only that CRF is a potentially stronger predictor of mortality than established risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but that the addition of CRF to traditional risk factors significantly improves the reclassification of risk for adverse outcomes. The purpose of this statement is to review current knowledge related to the association between CRF and health outcomes, increase awareness of the added value of CRF to improve risk prediction, and suggest future directions in research. Although the statement is not intended to be a comprehensive review, critical references that address important advances in the field are highlighted. The underlying premise of this statement is that the addition of CRF for risk classification presents health professionals with unique opportunities to improve patient management and to encourage lifestyle-based strategies designed to reduce cardiovascular risk. These opportunities must be realized to optimize the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and hence meet the American Heart Association's 2020 goals.
AB - Mounting evidence has firmly established that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and mortality rates attributable to various cancers. A growing body of epidemiological and clinical evidence demonstrates not only that CRF is a potentially stronger predictor of mortality than established risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but that the addition of CRF to traditional risk factors significantly improves the reclassification of risk for adverse outcomes. The purpose of this statement is to review current knowledge related to the association between CRF and health outcomes, increase awareness of the added value of CRF to improve risk prediction, and suggest future directions in research. Although the statement is not intended to be a comprehensive review, critical references that address important advances in the field are highlighted. The underlying premise of this statement is that the addition of CRF for risk classification presents health professionals with unique opportunities to improve patient management and to encourage lifestyle-based strategies designed to reduce cardiovascular risk. These opportunities must be realized to optimize the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and hence meet the American Heart Association's 2020 goals.
KW - AHA Scientific Statements
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - physical fitness
KW - risk factors
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U2 - 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000461
DO - 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000461
M3 - Article
C2 - 27881567
AN - SCOPUS:84996607248
SN - 0009-7322
VL - 134
SP - e653-e699
JO - Circulation
JF - Circulation
IS - 24
ER -