Improvements in brain and behavior following eradication of hepatitis C

Taylor Kuhn, Philip Sayegh, Jacob D. Jones, Jason Smith, Manoj K. Sarma, A. Ragin, Elyse J. Singer, M. Albert Thomas, April D. Thames, Steven A. Castellon, Charles H. Hinkin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Despite recent advances in treatment, hepatitis C remains a significant public health problem. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to infiltrate the brain, yet findings from studies on associated neurocognitive and neuropathological changes are mixed. Furthermore, it remains unclear if HCV eradication improves HCV-associated neurological compromise. This study examined the longitudinal relationship between neurocognitive and neurophysiologic markers among healthy HCV− controls and HCV+ adults following successful HCV eradication. We hypothesized that neurocognitive outcomes following treatment would be related to both improved cognition and white matter integrity. Participants included 57 HCV+ participants who successfully cleared the virus at the end of treatment (sustained virologic responders [SVRs]) and 22 HCV− controls. Participants underwent neuropsychological testing and, for a nested subset of participants, neuroimaging (diffusion tensor imaging) at baseline and 12 weeks following completion of HCV therapy. Contrary to expectation, group-level longitudinal analyses did not reveal significant improvement in neurocognitive performance in the SVRs compared to the control group. However, a subgroup of SVRs demonstrated a significant improvement in cognition relative to controls, which was related to improved white matter integrity. Indeed, neuroimaging data revealed beneficial effects associated with clearing the virus, particularly in the posterior corona radiata and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Findings suggest that a subgroup of HCV+ patients experienced improvements in cognitive functioning following eradication of HCV, which appears related to positive changes in white matter integrity. Future research should examine whether any additional improvements in neurocognition and white matter integrity among SVRs occur with longer follow-up periods.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)593-602
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of NeuroVirology
Volume23
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2017
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Diffusion tensor imaging
  • Hepatitis C virus
  • Neurocognition
  • Neuropathology
  • Sustained virologic response
  • White matter integrity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Virology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Improvements in brain and behavior following eradication of hepatitis C'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this