TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of Postnatal Craniofacial Bone Development with Tissue Clearing-Based Three-Dimensional Imaging
AU - Luo, Wenjing
AU - Yi, Yating
AU - Jing, Dian
AU - Zhang, Shiwen
AU - Men, Yi
AU - Ge, Woo Ping
AU - Zhao, Hu
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by startup funding from Texas A&M University, National Institute of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) grant K08DE025090, R01 DE028291, and R21 DE027928 to H.Z.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2019, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - Traditional two-dimensional histological sections and microcomputed tomography remain to be the major tools for studying craniofacial bones despite the complicated spatial organization of craniofacial organs. Recently, our laboratory developed the Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Associated Solvent System (PEGASOS) tissue clearing method, which can efficiently render hard tissues, including bones and teeth fully transparent without losing endogenous fluorescent signals. Complete tissue transparency enables us to acquire three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial bone vasculature, osteogenesis utilizing various labeling strategies, thus to investigate the spatial relationship among different tissues during postnatal craniofacial development. We found out that during the early stage of postnatal development, craniofacial osteogenesis occurs throughout the entire craniofacial bones, including the periosteum, dura, bone marrow, and suture. After 3-4 weeks, craniofacial osteogenesis is gradually restricted to the suture region and remaining bone marrow space. Similarly, craniofacial bone vasculature gradually restricts to the suture region. Osteogenesis is spatially associated with vasculature during the entire postnatal development. Importantly, we demonstrated that in adult calvarial bones, Gli1+ mesenchymal stem cells were also spatially associated with the vasculature. These findings indicate that craniofacial bones share similar osteogenesis mechanism as the long bone despite their distinct osteogenic mechanisms. In addition, the PEGASOS tissue clearing method-based 3D imaging technique is a useful new tool for craniofacial research.
AB - Traditional two-dimensional histological sections and microcomputed tomography remain to be the major tools for studying craniofacial bones despite the complicated spatial organization of craniofacial organs. Recently, our laboratory developed the Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Associated Solvent System (PEGASOS) tissue clearing method, which can efficiently render hard tissues, including bones and teeth fully transparent without losing endogenous fluorescent signals. Complete tissue transparency enables us to acquire three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial bone vasculature, osteogenesis utilizing various labeling strategies, thus to investigate the spatial relationship among different tissues during postnatal craniofacial development. We found out that during the early stage of postnatal development, craniofacial osteogenesis occurs throughout the entire craniofacial bones, including the periosteum, dura, bone marrow, and suture. After 3-4 weeks, craniofacial osteogenesis is gradually restricted to the suture region and remaining bone marrow space. Similarly, craniofacial bone vasculature gradually restricts to the suture region. Osteogenesis is spatially associated with vasculature during the entire postnatal development. Importantly, we demonstrated that in adult calvarial bones, Gli1+ mesenchymal stem cells were also spatially associated with the vasculature. These findings indicate that craniofacial bones share similar osteogenesis mechanism as the long bone despite their distinct osteogenic mechanisms. In addition, the PEGASOS tissue clearing method-based 3D imaging technique is a useful new tool for craniofacial research.
KW - PEGASOS
KW - craniofacial bone
KW - mesenchymal stem cells
KW - suture
KW - tissue clearing
KW - vasculature
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U2 - 10.1089/scd.2019.0104
DO - 10.1089/scd.2019.0104
M3 - Article
C2 - 31392933
AN - SCOPUS:85072904759
SN - 1547-3287
VL - 28
SP - 1310
EP - 1321
JO - Stem Cells and Development
JF - Stem Cells and Development
IS - 19
ER -