Mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni generate antibodies to LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1→4GlcNAc) determinants

Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic trematode infecting humans and animals. We reported previously that adult S. mansoni synthesizes complex-type biantennary N-glycans bearing the terminal sequence GalNAcβ1→4GlcNAc-R (lacdiNAc or LDN). We now report that mice infected with S. mansoni generate antibodies to LDN, as assessed by ELISA using a synthetic neoglycoconjugate containing LDN sequences. Sera of infected mice, but not uninfected mice, contained primarily IgM and low levels of IgG toward LDN. Interestingly, these antibodies also recognize bovine milk glycoproteins, which are known to express LDN sequences. The anti-LDN in sera of infected mice were affinity purified on immobilized bovine milk glycoproteins and shown to specifically bind LDN. An IgM monoclonal antibody (SMLDN1.1) was derived from the spleens of S. mansoni infected mice and shown to specifically bind LDN determinants. Immunoblots with affinity purified anti-LDN and SMLDN1.1 demonstrate that LDN sequences occur primarily on N-glycans of numerous glycoproteins of adult S. mansoni. LDN sequences are also expressed in many glycoproteins from S.japonicum and S. haematobium. The availability of antibody to LDN determinants should aid in defining the roles of these glycans in helminth and vertebrate biology.