microRNAs in Oligodendrocyte Myelination and Repair in the Central Nervous System

Xianghui Zhao, Haibo Wang, Qing Richard Lu

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

The crucial role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in glial cell development, especially in development of myelinating cells in the central nervous system, has begun to be elucidated in recent years through functional analysis of the miRNA processing enzyme Dicer1 and identification of miRNAs expressed in myelinating cells. In this chapter, we discuss how miRNAs regulate oligodendrocyte development and myelination. We highlight the recent advances in our understanding of how miRNAs control oligodendrogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, myelinogenesis, myelin maintenance, and repair. We also discuss how miRNAs influence brain cancer formation and progression of debilitating neurological diseases. Finally, we summarize perspectives in utilizing miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutics in demyelinating diseases.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationEssentials of Noncoding RNA in Neuroscience
Subtitle of host publicationOntogenetics, Plasticity of the Vertebrate Brain
PublisherElsevier Inc.
Pages197-210
Number of pages14
ISBN (Electronic)9780128498996
ISBN (Print)9780128044025
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2017

Keywords

  • Brain cancers
  • Demyelinating diseases
  • Dicer
  • MicroRNA
  • MiR-219
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Myelination
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Schwann cells

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Neuroscience

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