Midface anomalies in children

Lisa H. Lowe, Timothy N. Booth, Jeanne M. Joglar, Nancy K. Rollins

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

109 Scopus citations

Abstract

A variety of congenital midface anomalies occur in children. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have proved helpful in determining the nature and extent of dysplasia, thereby facilitating treatment planning. A classification system has been developed that groups these anomalies into four categories based on embryogenesis and anatomic location. These categories comprise anomalies that are related to the nasal cavity, nasofrontal region, nasolacrimal apparatus, and craniofacial syndromes. CT is the imaging modality of choice in children with possible choanal atresia, pyriform aperture stenosis, or anomalies of the nasolacrimal duct (eg, nasolacrimal duct stenosis, dacryocystoceles). MR imaging is the modality of choice in patients with congenital midface masses (eg, dermoid and epidermoid cysts, nasal gliomas, encephaloceles) and craniofacial syndromes (eg, Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Treacher Collins syndrome). In many cases, however, both CT and MR imaging are required to adequately evaluate midface anomalies. Familiarity with the characteristic imaging features of these anomalies along with knowledge of midface embryogenesis and normal developmental anatomy is essential to prevent misinterpretation of anatomic variations that may simulate disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)907-922
Number of pages16
JournalRadiographics
Volume20
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2000

Keywords

  • Apert syndrome, 24.1499
  • Brain neoplasms, 13.363
  • Brain, hernia, 13.1461
  • Crouzon syndrome, 24.1499
  • Dermoid, 261.3622
  • Epidermoid, 261.3622
  • Face, abnormalities, 24.166, 24.1664
  • Lacrimal duct and gland, 223.1492

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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