TY - JOUR
T1 - Model to quantify lymph node enhancement on indirect sonographic lymphography
AU - Choi, Sang Hee
AU - Kono, Yuko
AU - Corbeil, Jacqueline
AU - Lucidarme, Olivier
AU - Mattrey, Robert F.
PY - 2004/8
Y1 - 2004/8
N2 - OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to develop a reliable technique that has minimal operator dependence for quantifying lymph node enhancement to test and optimize new sonography contrast formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty healthy rabbits were studied using five agents, labeled A-G. Agents D and E were the same agent and agents F and G were Imagent, studied blindly to test reproducibility. One milliliter of contrast agent was injected into each hind footpad. A 13-MHz transducer was fixed over the popliteal node, which was imaged at a 4.8-MHz central transmit frequency using phase-inversion technology at 100% power and one frame per second. Immediately after each injection, the footpad was massaged 12 times for 30 sec each time and then imaged after each massage to assess the number of times the node could be refilled from each injection. Lymph node video intensity was measured, and the degree of enhancement was evaluated using analysis of variance with the massage number and the agent used as independent variables. RESULTS. Lymph node enhancement was observed after the first massage with all agents. Degree of enhancement was least with agents A and B, intermediate with agents D and F, and greatest with agent C. Agent A was effective after the first two massages, agent B after the first four, agent C after all 12, agent D after the first eight, and agent F after the first nine. Performance of agents D and F was similar to that of their duplicates, E and G. CONCLUSION. We established a reproducible technique to quantify lymph node enhancement that can distinguish between different agents. The differences in performance suggest that it is possible to optimize agent formulation for indirect sonographic lymphography.
AB - OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to develop a reliable technique that has minimal operator dependence for quantifying lymph node enhancement to test and optimize new sonography contrast formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty healthy rabbits were studied using five agents, labeled A-G. Agents D and E were the same agent and agents F and G were Imagent, studied blindly to test reproducibility. One milliliter of contrast agent was injected into each hind footpad. A 13-MHz transducer was fixed over the popliteal node, which was imaged at a 4.8-MHz central transmit frequency using phase-inversion technology at 100% power and one frame per second. Immediately after each injection, the footpad was massaged 12 times for 30 sec each time and then imaged after each massage to assess the number of times the node could be refilled from each injection. Lymph node video intensity was measured, and the degree of enhancement was evaluated using analysis of variance with the massage number and the agent used as independent variables. RESULTS. Lymph node enhancement was observed after the first massage with all agents. Degree of enhancement was least with agents A and B, intermediate with agents D and F, and greatest with agent C. Agent A was effective after the first two massages, agent B after the first four, agent C after all 12, agent D after the first eight, and agent F after the first nine. Performance of agents D and F was similar to that of their duplicates, E and G. CONCLUSION. We established a reproducible technique to quantify lymph node enhancement that can distinguish between different agents. The differences in performance suggest that it is possible to optimize agent formulation for indirect sonographic lymphography.
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U2 - 10.2214/ajr.183.2.1830513
DO - 10.2214/ajr.183.2.1830513
M3 - Article
C2 - 15269049
AN - SCOPUS:3242747443
SN - 0361-803X
VL - 183
SP - 513
EP - 517
JO - American Journal of Roentgenology
JF - American Journal of Roentgenology
IS - 2
ER -