MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing

Guillaume Moissiard; Shawn J. Cokus; Joshua Cary; Suhua Feng; Allison C. Billi; Hume Stroud; Dylan Husmann; Ye Zhan; Bryan R. Lajoie; Rachel Patton McCord; Christopher J. Hale; Wei Feng; Scott D. Michaels; Alison R. Frand; Matteo Pellegrini; Job Dekker; John K. Kim; Steven E. Jacobsen

doi:10.1126/science.1221472

MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing

Guillaume Moissiard, Shawn J. Cokus, Joshua Cary, Suhua Feng, Allison C. Billi, Hume Stroud, Dylan Husmann, Ye Zhan, Bryan R. Lajoie, Rachel Patton McCord, Christopher J. Hale, Wei Feng, Scott D. Michaels, Alison R. Frand, Matteo Pellegrini, Job Dekker, John K. Kim, Steven E. Jacobsen

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Abstract

Transposable elements (TEs) and DNA repeats are commonly targeted by DNA and histone methylation to achieve epigenetic gene silencing. We isolated mutations in two Arabidopsis genes, AtMORC1 and AtMORC6, which cause derepression of DNA-methylated genes and TEs but no losses of DNA or histone methylation. AtMORC1 and AtMORC6 are members of the conserved Microrchidia (MORC) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) family, which are predicted to catalyze alterations in chromosome superstructure. The atmorc1 and atmorc6 mutants show decondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, increased interaction of pericentromeric regions with the rest of the genome, and transcriptional defects that are largely restricted to loci residing in pericentromeric regions. Knockdown of the single MORC homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans also impairs transgene silencing. We propose that the MORC ATPases are conserved regulators of gene silencing in eukaryotes.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1448-1451
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	336
Issue number	6087
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1221472
State	Published - Jun 15 2012
Externally published	Yes

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Moissiard, G., Cokus, S. J., Cary, J., Feng, S., Billi, A. C., Stroud, H., Husmann, D., Zhan, Y., Lajoie, B. R., McCord, R. P., Hale, C. J., Feng, W., Michaels, S. D., Frand, A. R., Pellegrini, M., Dekker, J., Kim, J. K., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2012). MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing. Science, 336(6087), 1448-1451. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1221472

Moissiard, G, Cokus, SJ, Cary, J, Feng, S, Billi, AC, Stroud, H, Husmann, D, Zhan, Y, Lajoie, BR, McCord, RP, Hale, CJ, Feng, W, Michaels, SD, Frand, AR, Pellegrini, M, Dekker, J, Kim, JK & Jacobsen, SE 2012, 'MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing', Science, vol. 336, no. 6087, pp. 1448-1451. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1221472

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title = "MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing",

abstract = "Transposable elements (TEs) and DNA repeats are commonly targeted by DNA and histone methylation to achieve epigenetic gene silencing. We isolated mutations in two Arabidopsis genes, AtMORC1 and AtMORC6, which cause derepression of DNA-methylated genes and TEs but no losses of DNA or histone methylation. AtMORC1 and AtMORC6 are members of the conserved Microrchidia (MORC) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) family, which are predicted to catalyze alterations in chromosome superstructure. The atmorc1 and atmorc6 mutants show decondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, increased interaction of pericentromeric regions with the rest of the genome, and transcriptional defects that are largely restricted to loci residing in pericentromeric regions. Knockdown of the single MORC homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans also impairs transgene silencing. We propose that the MORC ATPases are conserved regulators of gene silencing in eukaryotes.",

author = "Guillaume Moissiard and Cokus, {Shawn J.} and Joshua Cary and Suhua Feng and Billi, {Allison C.} and Hume Stroud and Dylan Husmann and Ye Zhan and Lajoie, {Bryan R.} and McCord, {Rachel Patton} and Hale, {Christopher J.} and Wei Feng and Michaels, {Scott D.} and Frand, {Alison R.} and Matteo Pellegrini and Job Dekker and Kim, {John K.} and Jacobsen, {Steven E.}",

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doi = "10.1126/science.1221472",

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AU - Moissiard, Guillaume

AU - Cokus, Shawn J.

AU - Cary, Joshua

AU - Feng, Suhua

AU - Billi, Allison C.

AU - Stroud, Hume

AU - Husmann, Dylan

AU - Zhan, Ye

AU - Lajoie, Bryan R.

AU - McCord, Rachel Patton

AU - Hale, Christopher J.

AU - Feng, Wei

AU - Michaels, Scott D.

AU - Frand, Alison R.

AU - Pellegrini, Matteo

AU - Dekker, Job

AU - Kim, John K.

AU - Jacobsen, Steven E.

PY - 2012/6/15

Y1 - 2012/6/15

N2 - Transposable elements (TEs) and DNA repeats are commonly targeted by DNA and histone methylation to achieve epigenetic gene silencing. We isolated mutations in two Arabidopsis genes, AtMORC1 and AtMORC6, which cause derepression of DNA-methylated genes and TEs but no losses of DNA or histone methylation. AtMORC1 and AtMORC6 are members of the conserved Microrchidia (MORC) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) family, which are predicted to catalyze alterations in chromosome superstructure. The atmorc1 and atmorc6 mutants show decondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, increased interaction of pericentromeric regions with the rest of the genome, and transcriptional defects that are largely restricted to loci residing in pericentromeric regions. Knockdown of the single MORC homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans also impairs transgene silencing. We propose that the MORC ATPases are conserved regulators of gene silencing in eukaryotes.

AB - Transposable elements (TEs) and DNA repeats are commonly targeted by DNA and histone methylation to achieve epigenetic gene silencing. We isolated mutations in two Arabidopsis genes, AtMORC1 and AtMORC6, which cause derepression of DNA-methylated genes and TEs but no losses of DNA or histone methylation. AtMORC1 and AtMORC6 are members of the conserved Microrchidia (MORC) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) family, which are predicted to catalyze alterations in chromosome superstructure. The atmorc1 and atmorc6 mutants show decondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, increased interaction of pericentromeric regions with the rest of the genome, and transcriptional defects that are largely restricted to loci residing in pericentromeric regions. Knockdown of the single MORC homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans also impairs transgene silencing. We propose that the MORC ATPases are conserved regulators of gene silencing in eukaryotes.

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MORC family ATPases required for heterochromatin condensation and gene silencing

Abstract

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