Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg

Bruce Blumberg; David J. Mangelsdorf; Jacqueline A. Dyck; Dennis A. Bittner; Ronald M. Evans; Eddy M. De Robertis

doi:10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg

Bruce Blumberg, David J. Mangelsdorf, Jacqueline A. Dyck, Dennis A. Bittner, Ronald M. Evans, Eddy M. De Robertis

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

149 Scopus citations

Abstract

In a search for nuclear hormone receptors expressed in early development we found that Xenopus laevis eggs contain mRNAs from two retinoic acid receptor genes (xRARα and xRARγ) and two retinoid "X" receptor genes (xRXRα and xRXRγ). We also show that RXRs are members of a family of at least three genes, thus expanding the number of genes encoding retinoic acid-responsive transcription factors to six. With the exception of xRXRγ, these maternal mRNAs are degraded before gastrulation. The RXRs isolated are differentially activated by retinoic acid and by 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid. Considered together, these four receptors provide a molecular basis for the pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid on early development, and their pattern of expression suggests a role for retinoic acid at the earliest stages of embryonic determination.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2321-2325
Number of pages	5
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	89
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321
State	Published - 1992

Keywords

Morphogen
Nuclear receptor
Transactivation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

Access to Document

10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

Cite this

Blumberg, B., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Dyck, J. A., Bittner, D. A., Evans, R. M., & De Robertis, E. M. (1992). Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89(6), 2321-2325. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg. / Blumberg, Bruce; Mangelsdorf, David J.; Dyck, Jacqueline A. et al.
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 89, No. 6, 1992, p. 2321-2325.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Blumberg, B, Mangelsdorf, DJ, Dyck, JA, Bittner, DA, Evans, RM & De Robertis, EM 1992, 'Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 89, no. 6, pp. 2321-2325. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

@article{dd90fed487c94ae99f990eaf3b6a6c5b,

title = "Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid {"}X{"} receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg",

abstract = "In a search for nuclear hormone receptors expressed in early development we found that Xenopus laevis eggs contain mRNAs from two retinoic acid receptor genes (xRARα and xRARγ) and two retinoid {"}X{"} receptor genes (xRXRα and xRXRγ). We also show that RXRs are members of a family of at least three genes, thus expanding the number of genes encoding retinoic acid-responsive transcription factors to six. With the exception of xRXRγ, these maternal mRNAs are degraded before gastrulation. The RXRs isolated are differentially activated by retinoic acid and by 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid. Considered together, these four receptors provide a molecular basis for the pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid on early development, and their pattern of expression suggests a role for retinoic acid at the earliest stages of embryonic determination.",

keywords = "Morphogen, Nuclear receptor, Transactivation",

author = "Bruce Blumberg and Mangelsdorf, {David J.} and Dyck, {Jacqueline A.} and Bittner, {Dennis A.} and Evans, {Ronald M.} and {De Robertis}, {Eddy M.}",

year = "1992",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "89",

pages = "2321--2325",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",

issn = "0027-8424",

publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell

T2 - Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg

AU - Blumberg, Bruce

AU - Mangelsdorf, David J.

AU - Dyck, Jacqueline A.

AU - Bittner, Dennis A.

AU - Evans, Ronald M.

AU - De Robertis, Eddy M.

PY - 1992

Y1 - 1992

N2 - In a search for nuclear hormone receptors expressed in early development we found that Xenopus laevis eggs contain mRNAs from two retinoic acid receptor genes (xRARα and xRARγ) and two retinoid "X" receptor genes (xRXRα and xRXRγ). We also show that RXRs are members of a family of at least three genes, thus expanding the number of genes encoding retinoic acid-responsive transcription factors to six. With the exception of xRXRγ, these maternal mRNAs are degraded before gastrulation. The RXRs isolated are differentially activated by retinoic acid and by 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid. Considered together, these four receptors provide a molecular basis for the pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid on early development, and their pattern of expression suggests a role for retinoic acid at the earliest stages of embryonic determination.

AB - In a search for nuclear hormone receptors expressed in early development we found that Xenopus laevis eggs contain mRNAs from two retinoic acid receptor genes (xRARα and xRARγ) and two retinoid "X" receptor genes (xRXRα and xRXRγ). We also show that RXRs are members of a family of at least three genes, thus expanding the number of genes encoding retinoic acid-responsive transcription factors to six. With the exception of xRXRγ, these maternal mRNAs are degraded before gastrulation. The RXRs isolated are differentially activated by retinoic acid and by 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid. Considered together, these four receptors provide a molecular basis for the pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid on early development, and their pattern of expression suggests a role for retinoic acid at the earliest stages of embryonic determination.

KW - Morphogen

KW - Nuclear receptor

KW - Transactivation

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026568160&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026568160&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

DO - 10.1073/pnas.89.6.2321

M3 - Article

C2 - 1312717

AN - SCOPUS:0026568160

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 89

SP - 2321

EP - 2325

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

IS - 6

ER -

Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: Families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this