TY - JOUR
T1 - On the origin and evolutionary consequences of gene body DNA methylation
AU - Bewick, Adam J.
AU - Ji, Lexiang
AU - Niederhuth, Chad E.
AU - Willing, Eva Maria
AU - Hofmeister, Brigitt T.
AU - Shi, Xiuling
AU - Wang, Li
AU - Lu, Zefu
AU - Rohr, Nicholas A.
AU - Hartwig, Benjamin
AU - Kiefer, Christiane
AU - Deal, Roger B.
AU - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU - Grimwood, Jane
AU - Stroud, Hume
AU - Jacobsen, Steven E.
AU - Schneeberger, Korbinian
AU - Zhang, Xiaoyu
AU - Schmitza, Robert J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R00GM100000), Pew Charitable Trusts, and the Office of the Vice President of Research at UGA (R.J.S.). C.E.N. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Postdoctoral Fellowship IOS-1402183. Research in the X.Z. laboratory was supported by the NSF (MCB-0960425). B.T.H. was supported by a Scholars of Excellence graduate fellowship from the University of Georgia (UGA). H.S. was a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Fellow of the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DRG-2194-14). S.E.J. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
PY - 2016/8/9
Y1 - 2016/8/9
N2 - In plants, CG DNA methylation is prevalent in the transcribed regions of many constitutively expressed genes (gene body methylation; gbM), but the origin and function of gbM remain unknown. Here we report the discovery that Eutrema salsugineum has lost gbM from its genome, to our knowledge the first instance for an angiosperm. Of all known DNA methyltransferases, only CHROMOMETHYLASE 3 (CMT3) is missing from E. salsugineum. Identification of an additional angiosperm, Conringia planisiliqua, which independently lost CMT3 and gbM, supports that CMT3 is required for the establishment of gbM. Detailed analyses of gene expression, the histone variant H2A.Z, and various histone modifications in E. salsugineum and in Arabidopsis thaliana epigenetic recombinant inbred lines found no evidence in support of any role for gbM in regulating transcription or affecting the composition and modification of chromatin over evolutionary timescales.
AB - In plants, CG DNA methylation is prevalent in the transcribed regions of many constitutively expressed genes (gene body methylation; gbM), but the origin and function of gbM remain unknown. Here we report the discovery that Eutrema salsugineum has lost gbM from its genome, to our knowledge the first instance for an angiosperm. Of all known DNA methyltransferases, only CHROMOMETHYLASE 3 (CMT3) is missing from E. salsugineum. Identification of an additional angiosperm, Conringia planisiliqua, which independently lost CMT3 and gbM, supports that CMT3 is required for the establishment of gbM. Detailed analyses of gene expression, the histone variant H2A.Z, and various histone modifications in E. salsugineum and in Arabidopsis thaliana epigenetic recombinant inbred lines found no evidence in support of any role for gbM in regulating transcription or affecting the composition and modification of chromatin over evolutionary timescales.
KW - CHROMOMETHYLASE 3
KW - DNA methylation|gene body methylation|epigenetics
KW - Histone modifications
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1604666113
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1604666113
M3 - Article
C2 - 27457936
AN - SCOPUS:84983000137
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 113
SP - 9111
EP - 9116
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 32
ER -