TY - JOUR
T1 - Oxynetra
T2 - Facies and dna barcodes point to a new species from costa rica (Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Pyrrhopygini)
AU - Grishin, Nick V.
AU - Burns, John M.
AU - Janzen, Daniel H.
AU - Hallwachs, Winnie
AU - Hajibabaei, Mehrdad
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Mike Stangeland for bringing phenotypic differences of the new species to our attention; Blanca Huertas and David Lees (BMNH), Wolfram Mey (ZMHB), and Matthias Nuss (MTD) for providing unrestricted access to specimens under their care and help in the collections; Gerardo Lamas and Bernard Hermier for sharing images of Oxynetra type specimens; Kim Garwood and Isidro A. Chacón for providing photographs of Oxynetra hopfferi specimens; Ernst Brockmann for barcode sequences of Oxynetra confusa and Olafia roscius; Donald Harvey for dissecting genitalia; Karie Darrow for photographing genitalia of four Oxynetra species, plus adults of the two South American species; Zobeida Fuentes and ACG parataxonomists Harry Ramirez, Mariano Pereira, Dunia Garcia, Manuel Pereira, and Freddy Quesada for finding and rearing Oxynetra caterpillars and for identifying their foodplant; Isidro A. Chacón for a specimen of O. hopfferi; many of the above as well as Andy Warren for discussing various aspects of this study; and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. The study has been supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699, and grants from the Wege Foundation, International Conservation Fund of Canada, Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust, Blue Moon Fund, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, and University of Pennsylvania (DHJ); by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute, and by NSERC Canada (MH).
PY - 2013/3/11
Y1 - 2013/3/11
N2 - Oxynetra stangelandi Grishin & Burns, new species, from high elevations of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica, is most similar to Oxynetra hopfferi Staudinger, known from mountains of central and southern Costa Rica and western Panama. These hesperiid species differ mainly in body color pattern and in DNA barcodes. We compare their barcodes, nucleotide by nucleotide, together with barcodes of a congener and a species of the related genus Olafia, and use the barcode data to show phylogenetic relationships. We describe the new species, its discovery, its male and female genitalia, and its life history as a cloud forest herbivore of Prunus annularis (Rosaceae). In ACG, no other skippers feed on this plant species, and no other skippers of the tribe Pyrrhopygini feed on plants in the family Rosaceae. Various stages of O. stangelandi belong to mimicry complexes. Although our adults, which are reared from wild-caught caterpillars, are split between the sexes (4 males, 6 females), there are scarcely any females of Oxynetra in the world's museums.
AB - Oxynetra stangelandi Grishin & Burns, new species, from high elevations of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica, is most similar to Oxynetra hopfferi Staudinger, known from mountains of central and southern Costa Rica and western Panama. These hesperiid species differ mainly in body color pattern and in DNA barcodes. We compare their barcodes, nucleotide by nucleotide, together with barcodes of a congener and a species of the related genus Olafia, and use the barcode data to show phylogenetic relationships. We describe the new species, its discovery, its male and female genitalia, and its life history as a cloud forest herbivore of Prunus annularis (Rosaceae). In ACG, no other skippers feed on this plant species, and no other skippers of the tribe Pyrrhopygini feed on plants in the family Rosaceae. Various stages of O. stangelandi belong to mimicry complexes. Although our adults, which are reared from wild-caught caterpillars, are split between the sexes (4 males, 6 females), there are scarcely any females of Oxynetra in the world's museums.
KW - Cryptic species
KW - Genitalia (male and female)
KW - Mimicry
KW - Prumus annularis
KW - Sexual dimorphism
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U2 - 10.18473/lepi.v67i1.a1
DO - 10.18473/lepi.v67i1.a1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84875939152
VL - 67
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
JF - Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
SN - 0024-0966
IS - 1
ER -