Papilledema and pseudotumor cerebri

There is perhaps no neuoro-ophthalmic sign that is as ominous as papilledema. True papilledema from increased intracranial pressure may be a harbinger of serious neurological disease. There, however, are other conditions that may mimic papilledema, contributing to the diagnostic dillema. This article concerns the detection and differential diagnosis of papilledema, focusing on increased intracranial pressure without a mass lesion (pseudotumor cerebri).