Pre-operative percent free psa predicts clinical outcomes in patients treated with radical prostatectomy with total PSA levels below 10 ng/ml

Shahrokh F. Shariat, Khaled F. Abdel-Aziz, Claus Roehrborn, Yair Lotan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate the association of total prostate specific antigen (T-PSA) and percent free PSA (%F-PSA) with prostate cancer outcomes in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: Pre-operative serum levels of T-PSA and F-PSA were prospectively measured in 402 consecutive patients treated with RP for clinically localized prostate cancer who had T-PSA levels below 10 ng/ml. Results: T-PSA was not associated with any prostate cancer characteristics or outcomes. Lower %F-PSA was significantly associated with higher percent positive biopsy cores, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle involvement, lympho-vascular invasion, perineural invasion, positive surgical margins, and higher pathologic Gleason sum. When adjusted for the effects of standard pre-operative features, lower %F-PSA significantly predicted non-organ confined disease, seminal vesicle involvement, lympho-vascular invasion, and biochemical progression. %F-PSA did not retain its association with biochemical progression after adjusting for the effects of standard post-operative features. Based on data from 22 patients with biochemical progression, lower %F-PSA was correlated with shorter T-PSA doubling time after biochemical progression (rho = 0.681, p = 0.010). %F-PSA was lower in patients who failed salvage radiation therapy (p = 0.031) and in patients who developed distant cancer metastases compared to patients who did not (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Pre-operative T-PSA is not associated with prostate cancer outcomes after RP when levels are below 10 ng/ml. In contrast, pre-operative %F-PSA is associated with adverse pathologic features, biochemical progression, and features of aggressive disease progression in patients treated with RP and T-PSA levels below 10 ng/ml. %F-PSA may improve pre-operative predictive models for predicting clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer nowadays.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)293-302
Number of pages10
JournalEuropean urology
Volume49
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2006

Keywords

  • Metastasis
  • Percent free prostate-specific antigen
  • Progression
  • Prostatic neoplasms

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Urology

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