Prevention of stone formation and bone loss in absorptive hypercalciuria by combined dietary and pharmacological interventions

Charles Y Pak, Howard J. Heller, Margaret S Pearle, Clarita V. Odvina, John R. Poindexter, Roy D. Peterson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

85 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: We determined whether dietary restriction of calcium and oxalate, combined with thiazide and potassium citrate treatment, would prevent stone formation and avert bone loss in 18 men and 10 women with type I absorptive hypercalciuria. Materials and Methods: Patients were treated with thiazide (20) or indapamide (8) and potassium citrate (average dose 35 mEq. daily) for 1 to 11 years (mean 3.7) while maintained on low calcium oxalate diet. Serum and urinary chemistry studies and bone mineral density were measured at baseline and at the endq of treatment. New stones formed were quantitated during 3 years before and during treatment. Results: During treatment urinary calcium significantly decreased (346 ± 85 to 248 ± 79 mg. daily, p < 0.001) but urinary oxalate did not change. Urinary pH and citrate significantly increased, and urinary saturation of calcium oxalate significantly decreased by 46%. Stone formation rate decreased significantly from 2.94 to 0.05 per year (p < 0.001). L2-L4 bone mineral density increased significantly by 5.7% compared to normal peak value, and by 7.1% compared with normal age and gender matched value. Femoral neck bone mineral density also increased significantly. Conclusions: Dietary restriction of calcium and oxalate, combined with thiazide and potassium citrate, satisfactorily controlled hypercalciuria, prevented the secondary increase in urinary oxalate, reduced urinary saturation of calcium oxalate, virtually eliminated recurrent stone formation, and increased bone density of the spine and femoral neck. Thus, this dietary pharmacological program controlled stone formation as well as bone loss that often accompany type 1 absorptive hypercalciuria.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)465-469
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Urology
Volume169
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2003

Keywords

  • Calcium oxalate
  • Calcium, dietary
  • Diuretics, thiazide
  • Potassium citrate, bone density

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Urology

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