Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND

S. Abe; S. Enomoto; K. Furuno; Y. Gando; H. Ikeda; K. Inoue; Y. Kibe; Y. Kishimoto; M. Koga; Y. Minekawa; T. Mitsui; K. Nakajima; K. Nakajima; K. Nakamura; M. Nakamura; I. Shimizu; Y. Shimizu; J. Shirai; F. Suekane; A. Suzuki; Y. Takemoto; K. Tamae; A. Terashima; H. Watanabe; E. Yonezawa; S. Yoshida; A. Kozlov; H. Murayama; J. Busenitz; T. Classen; C. Grant; G. Keefer; D. S. Leonard; D. McKee; A. Piepke; T. I. Banks; T. Bloxham; J. A. Detwiler; S. J. Freedman; B. K. Fujikawa; F. Gray; E. Guardincerri; L. Hsu; K. Ichimura; R. Kadel; C. Lendvai; K. B. Luk; T. O'Donnell; H. M. Steiner; L. A. Winslow; D. A. Dwyer; C. Jillings; C. Mauger; R. D. McKeown; P. Vogel; C. Zhang; B. E. Berger; C. E. Lane; J. Maricic; T. Miletic; M. Batygov; J. G. Learned; S. Matsuno; S. Pakvasa; J. Foster; G. A. Horton-Smith; A. Tang; S. Dazeley; K. E. Downum; G. Gratta; K. Tolich; W. Bugg; Y. Efremenko; Y. Kamyshkov; O. Perevozchikov; H. J. Karwowski; D. M. Markoff; W. Tornow; K. M. Heeger; F. Piquemal; J. S. Ricol; M. P. Decowski

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND

S. Abe, S. Enomoto, K. Furuno, Y. Gando, H. Ikeda, K. Inoue, Y. Kibe, Y. Kishimoto, M. Koga, Y. Minekawa, T. Mitsui, K. Nakajima, K. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, M. Nakamura, I. Shimizu, Y. Shimizu, J. Shirai, F. Suekane, A. SuzukiY. Takemoto, K. Tamae, A. Terashima, H. Watanabe, E. Yonezawa, S. Yoshida, A. Kozlov, H. Murayama, J. Busenitz, T. Classen, C. Grant, G. Keefer, D. S. Leonard, D. McKee, A. Piepke, T. I. Banks, T. Bloxham, J. A. Detwiler, S. J. Freedman, B. K. Fujikawa, F. Gray, E. Guardincerri, L. Hsu, K. Ichimura, R. Kadel, C. Lendvai, K. B. Luk, T. O'Donnell, H. M. Steiner, L. A. Winslow, D. A. Dwyer, C. Jillings, C. Mauger, R. D. McKeown, P. Vogel, C. Zhang, B. E. Berger, C. E. Lane, J. Maricic, T. Miletic, M. Batygov, J. G. Learned, S. Matsuno, S. Pakvasa, J. Foster, G. A. Horton-Smith, A. Tang, S. Dazeley, K. E. Downum, G. Gratta, K. Tolich, W. Bugg, Y. Efremenko, Y. Kamyshkov, O. Perevozchikov, H. J. Karwowski, D. M. Markoff, W. Tornow, K. M. Heeger, F. Piquemal, J. S. Ricol, M. P. Decowski

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

166 Scopus citations

Abstract

Radioactive isotopes produced through cosmic muon spallation are a background for rare-event detection in ν detectors, double-β-decay experiments, and dark-matter searches. Understanding the nature of cosmogenic backgrounds is particularly important for future experiments aiming to determine the pep and CNO solar neutrino fluxes, for which the background is dominated by the spallation production of C11. Data from the Kamioka liquid-scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) provides valuable information for better understanding these backgrounds, especially in liquid scintillators, and for checking estimates from current simulations based upon MUSIC, FLUKA, and GEANT4. Using the time correlation between detected muons and neutron captures, the neutron production yield in the KamLAND liquid scintillator is measured to be Yn=(2.8±0.3)×10^-4μ^-1g^-1cm2. For other isotopes, the production yield is determined from the observed time correlation related to known isotope lifetimes. We find some yields are inconsistent with extrapolations based on an accelerator muon beam experiment.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	025807
Journal	Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics
Volume	81
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807
State	Published - Feb 23 2010
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Access to Document

10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

Cite this

Abe, S., Enomoto, S., Furuno, K., Gando, Y., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Kibe, Y., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Minekawa, Y., Mitsui, T., Nakajima, K., Nakajima, K., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, M., Shimizu, I., Shimizu, Y., Shirai, J., Suekane, F., ... Decowski, M. P. (2010). Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND. Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics, 81(2), Article 025807. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

Abe, S, Enomoto, S, Furuno, K, Gando, Y, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Kibe, Y, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Minekawa, Y, Mitsui, T, Nakajima, K, Nakajima, K, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, M, Shimizu, I, Shimizu, Y, Shirai, J, Suekane, F, Suzuki, A, Takemoto, Y, Tamae, K, Terashima, A, Watanabe, H, Yonezawa, E, Yoshida, S, Kozlov, A, Murayama, H, Busenitz, J, Classen, T, Grant, C, Keefer, G, Leonard, DS, McKee, D, Piepke, A, Banks, TI, Bloxham, T, Detwiler, JA, Freedman, SJ, Fujikawa, BK, Gray, F, Guardincerri, E, Hsu, L, Ichimura, K, Kadel, R, Lendvai, C, Luk, KB, O'Donnell, T, Steiner, HM, Winslow, LA, Dwyer, DA, Jillings, C, Mauger, C, McKeown, RD, Vogel, P, Zhang, C, Berger, BE, Lane, CE, Maricic, J, Miletic, T, Batygov, M, Learned, JG, Matsuno, S, Pakvasa, S, Foster, J, Horton-Smith, GA, Tang, A, Dazeley, S, Downum, KE, Gratta, G, Tolich, K, Bugg, W, Efremenko, Y, Kamyshkov, Y, Perevozchikov, O, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Heeger, KM, Piquemal, F, Ricol, JS & Decowski, MP 2010, 'Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND', Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics, vol. 81, no. 2, 025807. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

@article{20c832b4f803454bad9b8bd36f1e1f5c,

title = "Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND",

abstract = "Radioactive isotopes produced through cosmic muon spallation are a background for rare-event detection in ν detectors, double-β-decay experiments, and dark-matter searches. Understanding the nature of cosmogenic backgrounds is particularly important for future experiments aiming to determine the pep and CNO solar neutrino fluxes, for which the background is dominated by the spallation production of C11. Data from the Kamioka liquid-scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) provides valuable information for better understanding these backgrounds, especially in liquid scintillators, and for checking estimates from current simulations based upon MUSIC, FLUKA, and GEANT4. Using the time correlation between detected muons and neutron captures, the neutron production yield in the KamLAND liquid scintillator is measured to be Yn=(2.8±0.3)×10-4μ-1g-1cm2. For other isotopes, the production yield is determined from the observed time correlation related to known isotope lifetimes. We find some yields are inconsistent with extrapolations based on an accelerator muon beam experiment.",

author = "S. Abe and S. Enomoto and K. Furuno and Y. Gando and H. Ikeda and K. Inoue and Y. Kibe and Y. Kishimoto and M. Koga and Y. Minekawa and T. Mitsui and K. Nakajima and K. Nakajima and K. Nakamura and M. Nakamura and I. Shimizu and Y. Shimizu and J. Shirai and F. Suekane and A. Suzuki and Y. Takemoto and K. Tamae and A. Terashima and H. Watanabe and E. Yonezawa and S. Yoshida and A. Kozlov and H. Murayama and J. Busenitz and T. Classen and C. Grant and G. Keefer and Leonard, {D. S.} and D. McKee and A. Piepke and Banks, {T. I.} and T. Bloxham and Detwiler, {J. A.} and Freedman, {S. J.} and Fujikawa, {B. K.} and F. Gray and E. Guardincerri and L. Hsu and K. Ichimura and R. Kadel and C. Lendvai and Luk, {K. B.} and T. O'Donnell and Steiner, {H. M.} and Winslow, {L. A.} and Dwyer, {D. A.} and C. Jillings and C. Mauger and McKeown, {R. D.} and P. Vogel and C. Zhang and Berger, {B. E.} and Lane, {C. E.} and J. Maricic and T. Miletic and M. Batygov and Learned, {J. G.} and S. Matsuno and S. Pakvasa and J. Foster and Horton-Smith, {G. A.} and A. Tang and S. Dazeley and Downum, {K. E.} and G. Gratta and K. Tolich and W. Bugg and Y. Efremenko and Y. Kamyshkov and O. Perevozchikov and Karwowski, {H. J.} and Markoff, {D. M.} and W. Tornow and Heeger, {K. M.} and F. Piquemal and Ricol, {J. S.} and Decowski, {M. P.}",

year = "2010",

month = feb,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "81",

journal = "Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics",

issn = "0556-2813",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND

AU - Abe, S.

AU - Enomoto, S.

AU - Furuno, K.

AU - Gando, Y.

AU - Ikeda, H.

AU - Inoue, K.

AU - Kibe, Y.

AU - Kishimoto, Y.

AU - Koga, M.

AU - Minekawa, Y.

AU - Mitsui, T.

AU - Nakajima, K.

AU - Nakamura, K.

AU - Nakamura, M.

AU - Shimizu, I.

AU - Shimizu, Y.

AU - Shirai, J.

AU - Suekane, F.

AU - Suzuki, A.

AU - Takemoto, Y.

AU - Tamae, K.

AU - Terashima, A.

AU - Watanabe, H.

AU - Yonezawa, E.

AU - Yoshida, S.

AU - Kozlov, A.

AU - Murayama, H.

AU - Busenitz, J.

AU - Classen, T.

AU - Grant, C.

AU - Keefer, G.

AU - Leonard, D. S.

AU - McKee, D.

AU - Piepke, A.

AU - Banks, T. I.

AU - Bloxham, T.

AU - Detwiler, J. A.

AU - Freedman, S. J.

AU - Fujikawa, B. K.

AU - Gray, F.

AU - Guardincerri, E.

AU - Hsu, L.

AU - Ichimura, K.

AU - Kadel, R.

AU - Lendvai, C.

AU - Luk, K. B.

AU - O'Donnell, T.

AU - Steiner, H. M.

AU - Winslow, L. A.

AU - Dwyer, D. A.

AU - Jillings, C.

AU - Mauger, C.

AU - McKeown, R. D.

AU - Vogel, P.

AU - Zhang, C.

AU - Berger, B. E.

AU - Lane, C. E.

AU - Maricic, J.

AU - Miletic, T.

AU - Batygov, M.

AU - Learned, J. G.

AU - Matsuno, S.

AU - Pakvasa, S.

AU - Foster, J.

AU - Horton-Smith, G. A.

AU - Tang, A.

AU - Dazeley, S.

AU - Downum, K. E.

AU - Gratta, G.

AU - Tolich, K.

AU - Bugg, W.

AU - Efremenko, Y.

AU - Kamyshkov, Y.

AU - Perevozchikov, O.

AU - Karwowski, H. J.

AU - Markoff, D. M.

AU - Tornow, W.

AU - Heeger, K. M.

AU - Piquemal, F.

AU - Ricol, J. S.

AU - Decowski, M. P.

PY - 2010/2/23

Y1 - 2010/2/23

N2 - Radioactive isotopes produced through cosmic muon spallation are a background for rare-event detection in ν detectors, double-β-decay experiments, and dark-matter searches. Understanding the nature of cosmogenic backgrounds is particularly important for future experiments aiming to determine the pep and CNO solar neutrino fluxes, for which the background is dominated by the spallation production of C11. Data from the Kamioka liquid-scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) provides valuable information for better understanding these backgrounds, especially in liquid scintillators, and for checking estimates from current simulations based upon MUSIC, FLUKA, and GEANT4. Using the time correlation between detected muons and neutron captures, the neutron production yield in the KamLAND liquid scintillator is measured to be Yn=(2.8±0.3)×10-4μ-1g-1cm2. For other isotopes, the production yield is determined from the observed time correlation related to known isotope lifetimes. We find some yields are inconsistent with extrapolations based on an accelerator muon beam experiment.

AB - Radioactive isotopes produced through cosmic muon spallation are a background for rare-event detection in ν detectors, double-β-decay experiments, and dark-matter searches. Understanding the nature of cosmogenic backgrounds is particularly important for future experiments aiming to determine the pep and CNO solar neutrino fluxes, for which the background is dominated by the spallation production of C11. Data from the Kamioka liquid-scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) provides valuable information for better understanding these backgrounds, especially in liquid scintillators, and for checking estimates from current simulations based upon MUSIC, FLUKA, and GEANT4. Using the time correlation between detected muons and neutron captures, the neutron production yield in the KamLAND liquid scintillator is measured to be Yn=(2.8±0.3)×10-4μ-1g-1cm2. For other isotopes, the production yield is determined from the observed time correlation related to known isotope lifetimes. We find some yields are inconsistent with extrapolations based on an accelerator muon beam experiment.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77649097175&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77649097175&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.025807

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77649097175

SN - 0556-2813

VL - 81

JO - Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics

JF - Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics

IS - 2

M1 - 025807

ER -

Production of radioactive isotopes through cosmic muon spallation in KamLAND

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this