TY - JOUR
T1 - Regional and Sex-Specific Alterations in the Visual Cortex of Individuals With Psychosis Spectrum Disorders
AU - Türközer, Halide Bilge
AU - Lizano, Paulo
AU - Adhan, Iniya
AU - Ivleva, Elena I.
AU - Lutz, Olivia
AU - Zeng, Victor
AU - Zeng, Alexandria
AU - Raymond, Nicholas
AU - Bannai, Deepthi
AU - Lee, Adam
AU - Bishop, Jeffrey R.
AU - Clementz, Brett A.
AU - Pearlson, Godfrey D.
AU - Sweeney, John A.
AU - Gershon, Elliot S.
AU - Keshavan, Matcheri S.
AU - Tamminga, Carol A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Society of Biological Psychiatry
PY - 2022/9/1
Y1 - 2022/9/1
N2 - Background: Impairments of the visual system are implicated in psychotic disorders. However, studies exploring visual cortex (VC) morphology in this population are limited. Using data from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes consortium, we examined VC structure in psychosis probands and their first-degree relatives (RELs), sex differences in VC measures, and their relationships with cognitive and peripheral inflammatory markers. Methods: Cortical thickness, surface area, and volume of the primary (Brodmann area 17/V1) and secondary (Brodmann area 18/V2) visual areas and the middle temporal (V5/MT) region were quantified using FreeSurfer version 6.0 in psychosis probands (n = 530), first-degree RELs (n = 544), and healthy control subjects (n = 323). Familiality estimates were determined for probands and RELs. General cognition, response inhibition, and emotion recognition functions were assessed. Systemic inflammation was measured in a subset of participants. Results: Psychosis probands demonstrated significant area, thickness, and volume reductions in V1, V2, and MT, and their first-degree RELs demonstrated area and volume reductions in MT compared with control subjects. There was a higher degree of familiality for VC area than thickness. Area and volume reductions in V1 and V2 were sex dependent, affecting only female probands in a regionally specific manner. Reductions in some VC regions were correlated with poor general cognition, worse response inhibition, and increased C-reactive protein levels. Conclusions: The visual cortex is a site of significant pathology in psychotic disorders, with distinct patterns of area and thickness changes, sex-specific and regional effects, potential contributions to cognitive impairments, and association with C-reactive protein levels.
AB - Background: Impairments of the visual system are implicated in psychotic disorders. However, studies exploring visual cortex (VC) morphology in this population are limited. Using data from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes consortium, we examined VC structure in psychosis probands and their first-degree relatives (RELs), sex differences in VC measures, and their relationships with cognitive and peripheral inflammatory markers. Methods: Cortical thickness, surface area, and volume of the primary (Brodmann area 17/V1) and secondary (Brodmann area 18/V2) visual areas and the middle temporal (V5/MT) region were quantified using FreeSurfer version 6.0 in psychosis probands (n = 530), first-degree RELs (n = 544), and healthy control subjects (n = 323). Familiality estimates were determined for probands and RELs. General cognition, response inhibition, and emotion recognition functions were assessed. Systemic inflammation was measured in a subset of participants. Results: Psychosis probands demonstrated significant area, thickness, and volume reductions in V1, V2, and MT, and their first-degree RELs demonstrated area and volume reductions in MT compared with control subjects. There was a higher degree of familiality for VC area than thickness. Area and volume reductions in V1 and V2 were sex dependent, affecting only female probands in a regionally specific manner. Reductions in some VC regions were correlated with poor general cognition, worse response inhibition, and increased C-reactive protein levels. Conclusions: The visual cortex is a site of significant pathology in psychotic disorders, with distinct patterns of area and thickness changes, sex-specific and regional effects, potential contributions to cognitive impairments, and association with C-reactive protein levels.
KW - Cognition
KW - Inflammation
KW - MT
KW - Neuroimaging
KW - V1
KW - V2
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85131831601&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.023
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 35688762
AN - SCOPUS:85131831601
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 92
SP - 396
EP - 406
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 5
ER -