TY - JOUR
T1 - Renal cell carcinoma induces prostaglandin E2 and T-helper type 2 cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
AU - Smyth, Gordon P.
AU - Stapleton, Philip P.
AU - Barden, Catherine B.
AU - Mestre, Juan R.
AU - Freeman, Tracy A.
AU - Duff, Michael D.
AU - Maddali, Sirish
AU - Yan, Zhaoping
AU - Daly, John M.
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - Background: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) do not develop an effective antitumor immune response, despite significant infiltration by lymphocytes. Tumor production of immunosuppressive factors may account for this failure. The object of this study was to investigate the production of immunosuppressive mediators, especially prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2), by RCC. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cocultured with conditioned medium (CM) from human RCC cell lines in the presence or absence of NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor. Supernatants were analyzed for levels of PGE2, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, IL-2, interferon-γ, and IL-12. The effects of RCC CM on PBMC proliferation were also examined. The expression of basal and stimulated COX-2 messenger RNA in the cell lines was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results: RCC CM significantly increased PGE2 production by PBMC. T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production was also significantly increased. Th1 cytokines were unchanged or decreased. RCC CM increased proliferation of PBMC. Coculture with NS-398 reduced PBMC PGE 2 production to below control levels and significantly decreased IL-6 production and PBMC proliferation. NS-398 had no effect on cellular production of IL-10 or Th1 cytokines. Conclusions: Human RCC inhibits the host antitumor immune response by promoting PGE2 production and Th2 cytokines in PBMC. Selective inhibition of COX-2 may have a role in abrogating this effect.
AB - Background: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) do not develop an effective antitumor immune response, despite significant infiltration by lymphocytes. Tumor production of immunosuppressive factors may account for this failure. The object of this study was to investigate the production of immunosuppressive mediators, especially prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2), by RCC. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cocultured with conditioned medium (CM) from human RCC cell lines in the presence or absence of NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor. Supernatants were analyzed for levels of PGE2, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, IL-2, interferon-γ, and IL-12. The effects of RCC CM on PBMC proliferation were also examined. The expression of basal and stimulated COX-2 messenger RNA in the cell lines was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results: RCC CM significantly increased PGE2 production by PBMC. T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production was also significantly increased. Th1 cytokines were unchanged or decreased. RCC CM increased proliferation of PBMC. Coculture with NS-398 reduced PBMC PGE 2 production to below control levels and significantly decreased IL-6 production and PBMC proliferation. NS-398 had no effect on cellular production of IL-10 or Th1 cytokines. Conclusions: Human RCC inhibits the host antitumor immune response by promoting PGE2 production and Th2 cytokines in PBMC. Selective inhibition of COX-2 may have a role in abrogating this effect.
KW - COX-2 inhibition
KW - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
KW - Prostaglandin E
KW - Renal cell carcinoma
KW - Th2 cytokines
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U2 - 10.1245/ASO.2003.06.036
DO - 10.1245/ASO.2003.06.036
M3 - Article
C2 - 12734096
AN - SCOPUS:0042161469
SN - 1068-9265
VL - 10
SP - 455
EP - 462
JO - Annals of Surgical Oncology
JF - Annals of Surgical Oncology
IS - 4
ER -