TY - JOUR
T1 - Screening for depression in a diabetic outpatient population
AU - Daly, Ella J.
AU - Trivedi, Madhukar H
AU - Raskin, Philip
AU - Grannemann, Bruce G.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr Daly has recieved an honorarium within the last year from the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry after participating in an Academic Highlights discussion regarding depression and phyical illness. Dr Trivedi has been a consultant for Akzo (Organon Pharma- ceuticals Inc.), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cyberonics, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceutica Products, LP, Johnson & Johnson, Organon, Pfizer, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Sepracor, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. He has also received grant support from Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Akzo (Organon) Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Inc. Corcept Therapeutics, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Johnson and Johnson PRD, Meade Johnson, the National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression, the National Institute of Mental Health, Parke-Davis Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Inc., Pharmacia & Upjohn, Predix Pharmaceuticals, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. Dr Raskin has been a consultant for the following phramaceutical companies within the last 3 years: Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, MannKind Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk and Takeda Pharmaceuticals. He has received grants from the following: the National Institute of Health-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney diseases, Glaxo Smith Kline, Eli Lilly, Novartis Pharmaceutical, Novo Nordisk and Takeda Pharmaceuticals and is the current editor of The Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications.
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Depression occurs twice as often in patients with diabetes and is associated with reduced compliance with exercise, diet, and medications. It is also associated with hyperglycemia and increased diabetic complications. Despite evidence that successful treatment is associated with improved glycemic control, many cases of depression are left untreated. Objectives. (1) Evaluate a combination screening strategy in an outpatient population; and (2) explore the association between glycemic control and depressive symptomatology. Methods. Ninety-two patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Patients with a PHQ-2 score ≥ 1 completed the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR16). Using the QIDS-SR16, a score of ≤5 corresponded to normal mood, with scores above 5 corresponding to increasing severity of depressive symptoms. Glycemic control was assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results. Using a PHQ-2 cut-off score of ≥3, 37% of the sample screened positive for major depressive disorder (MDD), with an additional 27% reporting sub-threshold symptoms. The depressed group reported significantly more difficulty with reduced interests, insomnia, concentration, self-criticism, energy/fatigue and depressed mood. In terms of glycemic control, there was a marginally significant effect for race and HbA1c. Conclusion. The combined PHQ-2 and QIDS-SR16 can facilitate prompt detection of MDD and provide a means of monitoring specific symptoms and progress once treatment commences.
AB - Depression occurs twice as often in patients with diabetes and is associated with reduced compliance with exercise, diet, and medications. It is also associated with hyperglycemia and increased diabetic complications. Despite evidence that successful treatment is associated with improved glycemic control, many cases of depression are left untreated. Objectives. (1) Evaluate a combination screening strategy in an outpatient population; and (2) explore the association between glycemic control and depressive symptomatology. Methods. Ninety-two patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Patients with a PHQ-2 score ≥ 1 completed the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR16). Using the QIDS-SR16, a score of ≤5 corresponded to normal mood, with scores above 5 corresponding to increasing severity of depressive symptoms. Glycemic control was assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results. Using a PHQ-2 cut-off score of ≥3, 37% of the sample screened positive for major depressive disorder (MDD), with an additional 27% reporting sub-threshold symptoms. The depressed group reported significantly more difficulty with reduced interests, insomnia, concentration, self-criticism, energy/fatigue and depressed mood. In terms of glycemic control, there was a marginally significant effect for race and HbA1c. Conclusion. The combined PHQ-2 and QIDS-SR16 can facilitate prompt detection of MDD and provide a means of monitoring specific symptoms and progress once treatment commences.
KW - Depression
KW - Diabetes
KW - Screening
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U2 - 10.1080/13651500701245981
DO - 10.1080/13651500701245981
M3 - Article
C2 - 24940725
AN - SCOPUS:36249006072
SN - 1365-1501
VL - 11
SP - 268
EP - 272
JO - International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
JF - International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
IS - 4
ER -