TY - JOUR
T1 - Shaky drawing
T2 - What is the rate of decline during prospective follow-up of essential tremor?
AU - Louis, Elan D.
AU - Michalec, Monica
AU - Gillman, Art
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Objective: Few studies have attempted to estimate the rate of decline over time in essential tremor (ET). The study objectives were to: (1) measure change, deriving a single summary measure for the entire group, and relate it to a commonly used clinical rating scale (ie, yearly change in points on that scale); (2) to assess change as a function of baseline clinical characteristics and (3) to answer the basic clinical question - is change perceptible/obvious during the follow-up of ET cases? Setting: Prospective collection of longitudinal data on ET cases enrolled in a study of the environmental epidemiology of ET at Columbia University Medical Center (2000-2008). Participants: 116 unselected ET cases. Interventions: Each case underwent the same evaluation at baseline and during one follow-up visit (mean follow-up interval (range)=5.8 (1.4-12.4) years). Primary and secondary outcome measures: We assessed tremor during a commonly affected daily activity - drawing (ie, spirography), quantifying tremor using a simple, standardised 10-point rating scale developed by Bain and Findley. Results: The Bain and Findley spiral score increased at an average rate of 0.12±0.23 points per year (maximum=1 point/year). In cases who had been followed for ≥5 years, the change was obvious - a blinded neurologist was able to correctly order their spirals (baseline vs follow-up) in three-fourth of cases. The rate of change was higher in cases with versus without familial ET ( p=0.01). Conclusions: Tremor in ET is slowly progressive; yet in the majority of cases, a clear difference in handwritten spirals was visible with a follow-up interval of five or more years. There may be differences between familial and non-familial ET in the rate of progression. These clinical data are intended to aid in the prognostic discussions that treating physicians have with their patients with ET.
AB - Objective: Few studies have attempted to estimate the rate of decline over time in essential tremor (ET). The study objectives were to: (1) measure change, deriving a single summary measure for the entire group, and relate it to a commonly used clinical rating scale (ie, yearly change in points on that scale); (2) to assess change as a function of baseline clinical characteristics and (3) to answer the basic clinical question - is change perceptible/obvious during the follow-up of ET cases? Setting: Prospective collection of longitudinal data on ET cases enrolled in a study of the environmental epidemiology of ET at Columbia University Medical Center (2000-2008). Participants: 116 unselected ET cases. Interventions: Each case underwent the same evaluation at baseline and during one follow-up visit (mean follow-up interval (range)=5.8 (1.4-12.4) years). Primary and secondary outcome measures: We assessed tremor during a commonly affected daily activity - drawing (ie, spirography), quantifying tremor using a simple, standardised 10-point rating scale developed by Bain and Findley. Results: The Bain and Findley spiral score increased at an average rate of 0.12±0.23 points per year (maximum=1 point/year). In cases who had been followed for ≥5 years, the change was obvious - a blinded neurologist was able to correctly order their spirals (baseline vs follow-up) in three-fourth of cases. The rate of change was higher in cases with versus without familial ET ( p=0.01). Conclusions: Tremor in ET is slowly progressive; yet in the majority of cases, a clear difference in handwritten spirals was visible with a follow-up interval of five or more years. There may be differences between familial and non-familial ET in the rate of progression. These clinical data are intended to aid in the prognostic discussions that treating physicians have with their patients with ET.
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U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004626
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004626
M3 - Article
C2 - 24722199
AN - SCOPUS:84899558130
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 4
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 4
M1 - e004626
ER -