Stromal CD10 and SPARC expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients predicts disease recurrence

The current classification of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is based on nuclear grade, architectural differentiation and the presence of necrosis that does not adequately predict the likelihood of recurrence after breast conserving therapy; therefore, there is a critical need to identify novel predictors of DCIS progression. Ninety seven cases of DCIS were included in the study. CD10 and SP ARC expression in tumor stroma was assessed by standard immunoperoxidase method with ani-CD 10 and anti-SP ARC antibodies. The staining was scored semi-quantitatively as negative, weak or strong. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test. Multivariable analysis was conducted utilizing Exact Logistic Regression software (SAS 9.1 and LogExact). A significant association was observed between the recurrence status and time to recurrence with expression of CD10 (p < 0.001) and SP ARC (p < 0.001). When combining both SP ARC and CD10 expression there was a strong correlation with the shortest time to recurrence. Stromal CD10 and SP ARC expression are new markers of an increased risk for DCIS recurrence, independent of commonly assessed clinical parameters. Thus, stromal CD10 and SP ARC expression levels are promising markers of DCIS recurrence and warrant evaluation in larger prospective studies.