TY - JOUR
T1 - Strongyloides stercoralis
T2 - Parasitological, immunological and pathological observations in immunosuppressed dogs
AU - Genta, Robert M.
AU - Schad, Gerhard A.
AU - Hellman, Maria E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Hamish Robertson who provided clinical expertise and performed the transtracbeal pulmonary washings and Drs. K. D. Murrell and J. P. Farrell who provided constructive criticism of the manuscript. We also thank Dr. H. M. S. El Naggar who helped in diverse ways. Technical assistance was provided by David Leiby, Charles Duffy and Marc Franz. We thank the Document Processing Area of the University of Cincinnati for typing the several drafts of the manuscript. This investigation was supported in part by grants from the Merck Foundation. Revisions of this paper were made while Gerhard A. Schad was supported by a fellowship from the Wellcome Trust. Robert M. Genta is supported by the Veteran Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
PY - 1986
Y1 - 1986
N2 - Four specific pathogen-free, two to three-month-old, laboratory-raised beagles were infected with Strongyloides stercoralis and monitored by thrice-weekly faecal examinations. Larvae were not detected in the faeces after the 11th week. During the 14th week, daily oral prednisolone (2·2 mg/kg) was given. This led to weak recrudescence of the infection. During the 21st week, the daily dose of prednisolone was doubled and thereafter two of the four dogs developed severe hyperinfective strongyloidiasis with their adult worm populations markedly exceeding the number of larvae inoculated, as did one dog which remained asymptomatic. One dog died during the 15th week, i.e., before there was time for a marked increase in the parasite population. Three of the four dogs provided evidence of disseminated infection with adult worms occurring in ectopic sites. Parasite-specific cellular and humoral immune responses were monitored weekly. All dogs developed a significant rise in specific IgM titres lasting until the fifth week. From the fourth week, all dogs had detectable parasite-specific IgG antibody levels that persisted throughout the experiment in spite of the immunosuppression,.S’trongyloides-induced lymphocytic responses in vitro were demonstrated in three dogs from the second to the fifth week of infection, but returned to pre-infection levels thereafter. All animals were necropsied. Relevant pathological lesions were found in the small intestine, the colon and the lungs. Larvae were seen in such ectopic sites as mesenteric nodes and prostate. The observations provide further evidence that canine 5. stercoralis infections can be manipulated to reproduce with great fidelity the parasitological and clinico-pathological events occurring in human disseminated strongyloidiasis.
AB - Four specific pathogen-free, two to three-month-old, laboratory-raised beagles were infected with Strongyloides stercoralis and monitored by thrice-weekly faecal examinations. Larvae were not detected in the faeces after the 11th week. During the 14th week, daily oral prednisolone (2·2 mg/kg) was given. This led to weak recrudescence of the infection. During the 21st week, the daily dose of prednisolone was doubled and thereafter two of the four dogs developed severe hyperinfective strongyloidiasis with their adult worm populations markedly exceeding the number of larvae inoculated, as did one dog which remained asymptomatic. One dog died during the 15th week, i.e., before there was time for a marked increase in the parasite population. Three of the four dogs provided evidence of disseminated infection with adult worms occurring in ectopic sites. Parasite-specific cellular and humoral immune responses were monitored weekly. All dogs developed a significant rise in specific IgM titres lasting until the fifth week. From the fourth week, all dogs had detectable parasite-specific IgG antibody levels that persisted throughout the experiment in spite of the immunosuppression,.S’trongyloides-induced lymphocytic responses in vitro were demonstrated in three dogs from the second to the fifth week of infection, but returned to pre-infection levels thereafter. All animals were necropsied. Relevant pathological lesions were found in the small intestine, the colon and the lungs. Larvae were seen in such ectopic sites as mesenteric nodes and prostate. The observations provide further evidence that canine 5. stercoralis infections can be manipulated to reproduce with great fidelity the parasitological and clinico-pathological events occurring in human disseminated strongyloidiasis.
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U2 - 10.1016/0035-9203(86)90190-2
DO - 10.1016/0035-9203(86)90190-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 3726994
AN - SCOPUS:0022438596
SN - 0035-9203
VL - 80
SP - 34
EP - 41
JO - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
IS - 1
ER -