TY - JOUR
T1 - Subclinical atherosclerosis is inversely associated with gray matter volume in african americans with type 2 diabetes
AU - Freedman, Barry I.
AU - Divers, Jasmin
AU - Whitlow, Christopher T.
AU - Bowden, Donald W.
AU - Palmer, Nicholette D.
AU - Smith, S. Carrie
AU - Xu, Jianzhao
AU - Register, Thomas C.
AU - Carr, J. Jeffrey
AU - Wagner, Benjamin C.
AU - Williamson, Jeff D.
AU - Sink, Kaycee M.
AU - Maldjian, Joseph A
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding. This research was supported by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke grants RO1-NS-075107 (to B.I.F., J.D., and J.A.M.) and NS-058700 (D.W.B.) and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant DK-071891 (B.I.F.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2015/11
Y1 - 2015/11
N2 - OBJECTIVE Relative to European Americans, African Americans manifest lower levels of computed tomography-based calcified atherosclerotic plaque (CP), a measure of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Potential relationships between CP and cerebral structure are poorly defined in the African American population. We assessed associations among glycemic control, inflammation, and CP with cerebral structure on MRI and with cognitive performance in 268 high-risk African Americans with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Associations among hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CP in coronary arteries, carotid arteries, and the aorta with MRI volumetric analysis (white matter volume, gray matter volume [GMV], cerebrospinal fluid volume, and white matter lesion volume) were assessed using generalized linear models adjusted for age, sex, African ancestry proportion, smoking, BMI, use of statins, HbA1c, hypertension, and prior CVD. RESULTS Participants were 63.4% female with mean (SD) age of 59.8 years (9.2), diabetes duration of 14.5 years (7.6), HbA1cof 7.95% (1.9), estimated glomerular filtration rate of 86.6 mL/min/1.73 m2(24.6), and coronary artery CP mass score of 215 mg (502). In fully adjusted models, GMV was inversely associated with coronary artery CP (parameter estimate [β] 20.47 [SE 0.15], P = 0.002; carotid artery CP (β21.92 [SE 0.62], P = 0.002; and aorta CP [β20.10 [SE 0.03] P = 0.002),whereas HbA1c and CRP did not associate with cerebral volumes. Coronary artery CP also associated with poorer global cognitive function on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical atherosclerosis was associated with smaller GMV and poorer cognitive performance in African Americans with diabetes. Cardioprotective strategies could preserve GMV and cognitive function in high-risk African Americans with diabetes.
AB - OBJECTIVE Relative to European Americans, African Americans manifest lower levels of computed tomography-based calcified atherosclerotic plaque (CP), a measure of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Potential relationships between CP and cerebral structure are poorly defined in the African American population. We assessed associations among glycemic control, inflammation, and CP with cerebral structure on MRI and with cognitive performance in 268 high-risk African Americans with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Associations among hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CP in coronary arteries, carotid arteries, and the aorta with MRI volumetric analysis (white matter volume, gray matter volume [GMV], cerebrospinal fluid volume, and white matter lesion volume) were assessed using generalized linear models adjusted for age, sex, African ancestry proportion, smoking, BMI, use of statins, HbA1c, hypertension, and prior CVD. RESULTS Participants were 63.4% female with mean (SD) age of 59.8 years (9.2), diabetes duration of 14.5 years (7.6), HbA1cof 7.95% (1.9), estimated glomerular filtration rate of 86.6 mL/min/1.73 m2(24.6), and coronary artery CP mass score of 215 mg (502). In fully adjusted models, GMV was inversely associated with coronary artery CP (parameter estimate [β] 20.47 [SE 0.15], P = 0.002; carotid artery CP (β21.92 [SE 0.62], P = 0.002; and aorta CP [β20.10 [SE 0.03] P = 0.002),whereas HbA1c and CRP did not associate with cerebral volumes. Coronary artery CP also associated with poorer global cognitive function on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical atherosclerosis was associated with smaller GMV and poorer cognitive performance in African Americans with diabetes. Cardioprotective strategies could preserve GMV and cognitive function in high-risk African Americans with diabetes.
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U2 - 10.2337/dc15-1035
DO - 10.2337/dc15-1035
M3 - Article
C2 - 26370382
AN - SCOPUS:84962368272
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 38
SP - 2158
EP - 2165
JO - Diabetes care
JF - Diabetes care
IS - 11
ER -